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Differences in the health status among ethnic groups, Arizona

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              Bureau of Public Health Statistics
Office of Epidemiology and Statistics
Public Health Services
Differences
in the Health Status
Among Ethnic Groups
Arizona, 1999
~ Leadership for a Healthy Arizona ~
Jane Dee Hull, Governor
State of Arizona
Catherine R. Eden, Director
Arizona Department of Health Services
OFFICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND STATISTICS
BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH STATISTICS
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES
2700 North 3rd Street, Room 4075
Phoenix, Arizona 85004
Phone: 602/542-1216; FAX: 602/542-2940
http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/index.htm
This publication can be made available in alternative format.
Please contact the Office of Epidemiology and Statistics
at 602/542-1216 (voice) or call 1-800-367-8939 (TDD).
Permission to quote from or reproduce materials from this
publication is granted when due acknowledgment is made.
Differences
in the Health Status
Among Ethnic Groups,
Arizona, 1999
by
Christopher K. Mrela, Ph.D., Assistant Registrar of Vital Statistics
Trentham Coe, Senior Research Data Analyst
January 2001
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
Differences in the Health Status
Among Ethnic Groups,
Arizona, 1999
Table of Contents
Purpose....................................................................................................... 1
Demographic Profile of Arizona Ethnic Diversity ......................................... 1
Methods ...................................................................................................... 2
Key Findings ............................................................................................... 2
FIGURES.................................................................................................. 5
1. Teen Pregnancies ............................................................................7
2. Maternal Lifestyle and Health Characteristics................................ 13
3. Utilization of Prenatal Care Services.............................................. 25
4. Newborn's Health ..........................................................................31
5. Mortality from Natural Causes ....................................................... 43
6. Mortality from Injuries .................................................................. 65
7. Age-Specific Mortality....................................................................75
8. Patterns of Premature Mortality .................................................... 81
9. The Incidence of Reportable Diseases ........................................... 87
RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1999 .....................................................95
SCORES IN 1999 .............................................................................. 101
RANKING ORDER IN 1999............................................................ 107
COMPARATIVE RATES AND RATIOS
FOR 1995, 1997 AND 1999 ..........................................................113
DATA SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS.......................................... 121
Sources of Data....................................................................................... 123
Definitions .............................................................................................. 123
Terms Related to Reproductive Health .................................... 123
Terms Related to Mortality...................................................... 124
Medical Terms Used on the Birth Certificate............................ 125
POPULATION DENOMINATORS...................................................127
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
PURPOSE
The report Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 1999 is
the update* of population-level data about differences in the relative health of five ethnic
groups residing in Arizona: White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, Blacks (or African-Americans),
American Indians and Asians (Asian or Pacific Islanders).
The report compares the relative standing of ethnic groups on 67 indicators or measures of
health status. The indicators are presented in a series of simple, self-explanatory bar charts
and organized around 9 major subject areas:
(1) TEEN PREGNANCIES, (2) MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS, (3) UTILIZATION OF
PRENATAL CARE SERVICES, (4) NEWBORN'S HEALTH, (5) MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (CHRONIC
OR INFECTIOUS DISEASES), (6) MORTALITY FROM INJURIES, (7) AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, (8) PATTERNS
OF PREMATURE MORTALITY and (9) THE INCIDENCE OF REPORTABLE DISEASES.
The report also provides scores and rankings of ethnic groups on each of the 67 health
status measures. The comparisons of rates and ratios, as well as scores and rankings are
intended to give some sense of the inequalities in the health status among ethnic groups in
our State and to stimulate viable initiatives to improve the health of all Arizonans.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF ARIZONA'S
ETHNIC DIVERSITY
In 1999, the White non-Hispanic group in Arizona made up 67.4 percent of the total
population statewide, while racial and ethnic minority groups accounted for 32.6 percent.
The White non-Hispanic population increased by 64.1 percent from 1980 to 1999, while
Arizona's minority population more than doubled from 697,000 in 1980 to 1,607,000 in
1999 (See p.127: Population Denominators, Population by Ethnic Group, Arizona
Residents, 1980, 1990 and 1999). The fastest growing ethnic minority groups in Arizona
between 1980 and 1999 were Asian (an increase of 322 percent), followed by Hispanic (139
percent), Black (138 percent) and American Indian (72.2 percent).
Compared with the White non-Hispanic majority, the ethnic minority groups have had
greater percentages of people younger than 25 years (48.6 vs. 29.9 percent). In contrast,
people aged 65 years and older accounted for 17.9 percent of White non-Hispanics, but only
5.9 percent of all ethnic minority groups combined.
____________________________________
* Prior editions of this report were published for the 1995 and 1997 data years. This report uses the
same methodology as 1997 edition, so that all scores and ranks are directly comparable.
In addition, all rates and ratios are comparable for 1995, 1997 and 1999 (see p. 113 Comparative
Rates and Ratios for 1995, 1997 and 1999).
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
2
METHODS
The 67 indicators presented in this report are individual measures of the various dimensions
or facets of health status. By calculating overall scores and rankings it is possible to provide
a summary measure representing a relative standing of each ethnic group on a broad range
of health status issues.
Scores indicate the percentage an ethnic group is above or below the statewide average.
Each score is calculated as follows:
THE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO IN A SPECIFIED GROUP
SCORE = - 1.0 X 100
THE AVERAGE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO FOR THE STATE
Scores may have positive (+) or negative (-) values. The above formula produces a score of
0.0 for a group with the same value as the statewide average. A negative score indicates
better than average standing on an indicator.
The age-adjusted mortality rates presented in section 5 and section 6 of this report were
computed by the direct method, i.e. by applying the age-specific death rates to the
standard population distributed by age. The total U.S. population as enumerated in 1940
was selected as the standard.
KEY FINDINGS
In 1999, as in 1997, Arizona's Asian residents ranked best among ethnic groups in the
overall health status, followed by White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, American Indians and
Blacks.
BLACKS
Average rank: 4.1* Average score: +60.5**
Arizona Black residents had the lowest rank of overall health status because they ranked 5th
of 4th among the five ethnic groups on 49 of 67 measures (see Figure A). High infant
mortality rate, high ratios of low birthweight and very low birthweight births, high incidence
of many reportable diseases, high mortality rates for almost all of the leading causes of
death and high rate of premature death all lowered the ranking for this population group.
However, Blacks experienced an improvement in overall score from 71.9 in 1997 to 60.5 in
1999. This decrease in scores reflects substantial declines in age-adjusted mortality rates
for HIV infection (which dropped 50.3 percent between 1997 and 1999), septicemia (44.5
percent), alcoholism (41 percent), firearm-related injuries (23.5 percent) and cancer (13.2
percent).
_____________________________________
* The average rank based on all 67 measurements (the sum of the ranks divided by 67
measurements. Ranks range between 1 = the highest rank of health indicators and 5 = the lowest
rank of health indicators). See section RATES AND RATIOS, p.95.
** The average score based on all 67 measurements (the sum of all scores divided by 67
measurements). See section SCORES, p.101.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
3
AMERICAN INDIANS
Average rank: 3.8 Average score: +61.0
In 1999, American Indians in Arizona had the highest average score among all groups, but
second lowest rank of overall health status. They ranked 5th or 4th less often than Blacks (39
times on 67 indicators, Figure A), but they exceeded the statewide averages by a wider
margin than any other group (Figure B). American Indians ranked poorly on measures of
maternal lifestyle and health as well as in utilization of prenatal care. High infant mortality,
alcoholism, diabetes, motor vehicle accidents and mortality from unintentional injuries
contributed to the premature death rate. This resulted in the second lowest ranking of
American Indians in the relative healthiness among racial and ethnic groups in Arizona.
HISPANICS
Average rank: 3.0 Average score: +7.1
In 1999, as in 1997, Hispanics achieved a 3rd place health ranking, with a score only slightly
higher than that of White non-Hispanics. Hispanics ranked in the middle of five groups on 23
of 67 measures of health. They ranked worse than average in poor utilization of early
prenatal care, high teen pregnancy rates and high premature mortality. They ranked better
than average with low suicide mortality rate, low mortality from unintentional injuries, low
alcohol and tobacco use among women giving birth and in total mortality.
WHITE NON-HISPANICS
Average rank: 2.6 Average score: -9.2
White non-Hispanics ranked second best in the relative healthiness among ethnic groups in
Arizona. They ranked No.1 or No.2 on 37 of 67 measures of health, including low teen
pregnancy rates, high utilization of prenatal care and low premature mortality. However, in
the use of tobacco among women giving birth and in mortality rates for chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease, lung cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, White non-Hispanics ranked worst
among ethnic groups.
ASIANS
Average rank: 1.5 Average score: -46.3
Many factors contributed to Asians' No.1 relative health ranking. They ranked best or
second best among ethnic groups on 63 of 67 indicators, including measures of maternal
lifestyle and health, cause-and-age-specific mortality and in low incidence of reportable
diseases. Asians ranked second best in utilization of prenatal care services and second with
a low rate of premature death. The average score of Arizona Asian residents improved from
–42.8 in 1997 to -46.3 in 1999.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
4
Figure A
Number of Times Each Group Ranked Better Than
Average, Average, and Worst Than Average
on 67 Indicators, Arizona, 1999
4
14
21
37
63
14
15
23
12
1
49
38
23
18
3
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
Better than Average
(ranks 1 or 2)
Average
(rank 3)
Worst than Average
(ranks 4 or 5)
Figure B
Average Scores in 1999
(A score is a percent above or below the average for all Arizona residents.
A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator.)
-46.3
-9.2
7.1
60.5 61.0
0.0
15.0
30.0
45.0
60.0
75.0
90.0
-15.0
-30.0
-45.0
-60.0
-75.0
-90.0
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
American
Black Indian
AVERAGE FOR
ALL ARIZONANS
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
5
FIGURES
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
7
1.
Teen Pregnancies
  Females 19 and Younger
  Females 14 and Younger
  Females 15-17 Years Old
  Females 18-19 Years Old
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
9
1-1
Pregnancies Among
Females Aged 19
and Younger
66.1
40.8
36.1
33.1
21.0
16.3
Hispanic
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0
Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females aged 19 or younger
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
10
Pregnancies Among
Females 14 and
Younger
1.6
1.5
1.5
0.9
0.5
0.4
Hispanic
Black
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0
Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 10-14 years old
1-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
11
Pregnancies Among
Females 15-17 Years Old
80.4
47.7
40.2
39.5
20.4
11.2
Hispanic
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 90.0
Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 15-17 years old
1-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
12
Pregnancies Among
Females 18-19 Years Old
215.5
141.4
124.5
122.7
74.6
67.9
Hispanic
Black
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 55.0 110.0 165.0 220.0
Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 18-19 years old
1-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
13
2.
Maternal Lifestyle and
Health Characteristics
  Unmarried Mothers
  Tobacco Use During Pregnancy
  Alcohol Use During Pregnancy
  The Incidence of Chronic Hypertension
  Dysfunctional Labor
  The Incidence of Anemia During Pregnancy
  The Incidence of Diabetes
  The Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated
Hypertension
  The Incidence of Genital Herpes
  Maternal Weight Gain of Less Than 21 Pounds
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
15
Unmarried Mothers
69.2
64.0
50.3
38.8
24.8
18.1
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0
Per 100 live births
2-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
16
Tobacco Use During
Pregnancy
11.7
10.4
7.3
3.5
2.9
2.5
White
non-Hispanic
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5
Per 100 live births
2-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
17
Alcohol Use During
Pregnancy
3.0
1.7
1.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
American
Indian
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.5
Per 100 live births
2-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
18
The Incidence of
Chronic Hypertension
in Women Giving Birth
0.9
0.8
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
American
Indian
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2
Per 100 live births
2-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
19
Dysfunctional Labor
1.5
1.3
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.6
American
Indian
Asian
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8
Per 100 live births
2-5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
21
The Incidence of Anemia
During Pregnancy
5.1
2.7
2.3
2.1
1.4
1.3
American
Indian
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Per 100 live births
2-6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
21
The Incidence of Diabetes
During Pregnancy
6.6
3.6
2.2
1.9
1.9
1.7
American
Indian
Asian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5
Per 100 live births
2-7
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
22
The Incidence of
Pregnancy-Associated
Hypertension
5.6
3.4
2.8
2.7
2.3
1.8
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5
Per 100 live births
2-8
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
23
The Incidence of Genital
Herpes During Pregnancy
1.1
0.7
0.7
0.3
0.3
0.2
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
American
Indian
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Per 100 live births
2-9
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
24
Maternal Weight Gain of
Less Than 21 Pounds
29.3
22.3
20.4
19.2
17.4
16.5
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0
Per 100 live births
2-10
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
25
3.
Utilization of
Prenatal Care Services
  Early Prenatal Care
  Five or More Prenatal Visits
  No Prenatal Care
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
27
Early Prenatal Care
84.7
81.5
74.1
71.1
64.1
62.7
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Women giving birth who received prenatal care in the first
trimester of pregnancy per 100 live births in specified group
3-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
28
Five or More
Prenatal Visits
93.3
92.6
88.4
84.5
83.4
83.3
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
Hispanic
Black
70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0
Women giving birth who had five or more prenatal visits
per 100 live births in specified group
3-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
29
No Prenatal Care
3.9
2.4
2.2
1.9
0.9
0.8
Hispanic
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5
Women giving birth who received no prenatal care
per 100 live births in specified group
3-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
31
4.
Newborn’s Health
  The Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease
  Newborn Intensive Care
  The Incidence of Low-Birthweight Births
  The Incidence of Very Low-Birthweight Births
  The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies
(Birth Defects)
  Infant Mortality
  Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
  Mortality of Infants from Low-Birthweight/
Short Gestation
  Neonatal Mortality
  Postneonatal Mortality
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
33
The Incidence of Hyaline
Membrane Disease*
0.7
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.2
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9
Per 100 live births in specified group
* A disorder primarily of prematurity, manifested clinically by
respiratory distress and pathologically by pulmonary hyaline
membranes and incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth.
4-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
34
The Incidence of
Newborn Intensive Care
9.3
6.9
6.6
6.6
5.5
4.8
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
Per 100 live births in specified group
4-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
35
The Incidence of
Low-Birthweight Births
12.0
8.2
7.6
7.0
6.9
6.7
Black
Asian
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0
Number of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams
per 100 live births in specified group
4-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
36
The Incidence of Very
Low-Birthweight Births
2.6
1.4
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.0
Black
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
Number of infants weighing less than 1,500 grams
per 100 live births in specified group
4-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
37
The Incidence of
Congenital Anomalies
(Birth Defects)
2.9
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.0
0.9
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Black
Asian
Hispanic
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
Per 100 live births in specified group
4-5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
38
Infant Mortality
13.8
8.5
7.2
6.8
5.7
2.2
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0
Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group
4-6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
39
Infant Mortality
from SIDS*
Black
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6
Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group
* Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.
1.3
0.9
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.0
4-7
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
40
Infant Mortality from
Low Birthweight/
Short Gestation
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4
Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group
1.6
0.9
0.8
0.6
0.0
4-8
0.0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
41
Neonatal Mortality
8.2
5.0
4.6
4.5
4.2
1.3
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0
Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group
4-9
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
42
Postneonatal
Mortality
5.6
3.5
2.6
2.3
1.5
0.9
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group
4-10
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
43
5.
Mortality
from Natural Causes
  Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases
  Mortality from Diseases of the Heart
  Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease
  Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease
  Mortality from Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease
  Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms
  Mortality from Lung Cancer
  Mortality from Breast Cancer
  Mortality from Cervical Cancer
  Mortality from Colorectal Cancer
  Mortality from Prostate Cancer
  Mortality from Pneumonia & Influenza
  Mortality from Diabetes
  Mortality from Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection)
  Mortality from HIV Infection
  Mortality from Septicemia
  Mortality from Alzheimer's Disease
  Mortality from Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome
& Nephrosis
  Mortality from Alcoholism
  Mortality from All Causes
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
45
Mortality from
Cardiovascular Diseases
192.3
164.0
161.4
152.7
131.8
65.7
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
Hispanic
Asian
40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
46
142.4
123.8
120.9
114.8
94.7
37.6
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 150.0
Mortality from
Diseases of the Heart
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
47
Mortality from
Coronary Heart Disease
107.6
101.7
97.6
77.0
72.2
27.9
White
non-Hispanic
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
48
Mortality from
Cerebrovascular Disease
31.1
25.9
25.5
24.7
24.1
16.2
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
49
Mortality from
Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease
30.5
27.8
21.9
11.4
10.2
7.1
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
50
Mortality from
Malignant Neoplasms
122.3
118.4
113.1
82.6
78.1
53.3
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
51
Mortality from
Lung Cancer
36.0
32.3
25.9
14.2
11.5
8.0
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 40.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-7
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
52
Mortality from
Breast Cancer
24.8
18.3
17.1
10.7
8.4
8.0
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-8
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
53
Mortality from
Cervical Cancer
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.6
Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
3.1
2.3
1.7
1.6
0.0
5-9
0.0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
54
Mortality from
Colorectal Cancer
14.9
10.3
10.0
8.2
4.4
1.9
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
Asian
American
Indian
0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-10
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
55
Mortality from
Prostate Cancer
15.3
12.1
11.7
8.4
6.0
4.8
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 males in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-11
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
56
Mortality from
Pneumonia & Influenza
35.4
20.0
19.7
19.4
15.0
8.4
American
Indian
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-12
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
57
Mortality from
Diabetes
63.7
26.1
23.1
13.5
10.1
7.0
American
Indian
Hispanic
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-13
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
58
Mortality from Infectious
& Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection)
23.6
11.4
10.6
8.2
7.9
6.9
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-14
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
59
Mortality from
HIV Infection
8.1
4.0
3.6
2.9
2.4
1.0
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-15
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
60
Mortality from
Septicemia
16.9
6.6
5.9
4.3
3.6
1.9
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-16
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
61
Mortality from
Alzheimer's Disease
5.8
5.5
5.0
3.7
1.4
1.0
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-17
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
62
Mortality from Nephritis,
Nephrotic Syndrome
and Nephrosis
14.9
12.1
6.7
5.0
4.3
3.1
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-18
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
63
Mortality from
Alcoholism
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
Black
Asian
0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0 42.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
40.5
6.9
6.4
5.7
3.6
1.0
5-19
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
64
Mortality from
All Causes
747.2
586.1
507.1
492.2
447.1
210.2
American
Indian
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
5-20
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
65
6.
Mortality from
Injuries
  Mortality from Unintentional Injuries
  Mortality from Motor Vehicle-Related Injuries
  Mortality from Fall-Related Injuries
  Drowning Mortality
  Firearm-Related Mortality
  Drug-Related Mortality
  Suicide Mortality
  Homicide Mortality
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
67
Mortality from
Unintentional Injuries
121.5
44.5
39.8
35.2
32.1
20.0
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
68
Mortality from
Motor Vehicle-Related
Injuries
71.5
25.1
19.7
17.1
14.3
13.8
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
69
Mortality from
Fall-Related Injuries
9.7
4.8
4.4
4.4
2.6
1.9
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Black
Asian
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
70
Drowning Mortality
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
5.3
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.3
0.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
71
Firearm-Related
Mortality
29.0
22.6
16.9
14.8
13.2
6.6
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(crude-death rate)
6-5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
72
Drug-Related
Mortality
16.5
11.6
11.0
9.3
9.1
2.8
Black
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
American
Indian
Asian
0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 17.5
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(crude death rate)
6-6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
73
Suicide Mortality
18.2
15.1
14.6
10.6
10.6
6.4
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Black
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-7
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
74
Homicide Mortality
25.5
21.9
18.6
10.0
4.9
4.8
Black
American
Indian
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
White
non-Hispanic
0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group
(age-adjusted to 1940 standard population)
6-8
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
75
7.
AGE-SPECIFIC
MORTALITY
  Mortality Among Children
1-14 Years Old
  Mortality Among Adolescents and Young Adults
15-24 Years Old
  Mortality Among Adults
25-64 Years Old
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
77
Mortality of Children
1-14 Years Old
50.1
36.6
26.9
24.1
17.4
8.8
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 11.0 22.0 33.0 44.0 55.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 children 1-14 years old
in specified ethnic group
7-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
78
Mortality of Adolescents
and Young Adults
15-24 Years Old
195.9
150.3
123.8
96.0
66.6
56.2
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons
15-24 years old in specified ethnic group
7-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
79
Mortality among
Adults 25-64 Years Old
666.8
429.7
375.6
373.3
318.9
306.3
American
Indian
Black
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian
0.0 150.0 300.0 450.0 600.0 750.0
Number of deaths per 100,000 persons
25-64 years old in specified ethnic group
7-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
81
8.
Patterns of
Premature Mortality
  Average Age At Death From All Causes
Among Arizona Residents
  Average Age At Death From All Causes
Among Arizona Males
  Average Age At Death From All Causes
Among Arizona Females
  Percent of Total Deaths Before Expected
Years of Life Reached
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
83
Average Age At Death
From All Causes Among
Arizona Residents In 1999
74.1
71.7
63.9
60.5
59.2
55.7
Whitenon-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asians
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
40.0 60.0 80.0
8-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
84
Average Age At Death
From All Causes Among
Arizona Males In 1999
71.5
68.8
62.3
57.8
56.2
51.8
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asians
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
40.0 60.0 80.0
8-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
85
Average Age At Death
From All Causes Among
Arizona Females In 1999
77.0
74.9
65.5
63.9
63.3
60.6
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asians
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
40.0 60.0 80.0
8-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
86
Percent of Total Deaths
Before and After Expected
Years of Life Reached*
47.4%
51.8%
67.0%
70.7%
71.7%
76.9%
52.6%
48.2%
33.0%
29.3%
28.3%
23.1%
White
non-Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
Asian
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
BEFORE AFTER
*Percent deaths in specified group in Arizona in 1999
before and after expected years of life at birth or life
expectancy of 76.7 years for all U.S. residents.
8-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
87
9.
The Incidence of
Reportable Diseases
  Incidence Rates of Syphilis
  Incidence Rates of Gonorrhea
  Incidence Rates of Chlamydia
  Incidence Rates of Genital Herpes
  Incidence Rates of AIDS
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
89
Incidence Rates of
Early Syphilis
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0
Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group
Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology
and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services
61.9
21.1
10.2
9.1
3.9
2.8
9-1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
90
Incidence Rates of
Gonorrhea
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
American
Indian
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 110.0 220.0 330.0 440.0 550.0
Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group
Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology
and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services
512.5
154.2
86.8
81.5
32.5
10.4
9-2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
91
Incidence Rates of
Chlamydia
643.7
635.2
408.9
241.0
88.5
70.8
American
Indian
Black
Hispanic
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 250.0 500.0 750.0
Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group
Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology
and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services
643.7
635.2
408.9
241.0
9-3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
92
Incidence Rates of
Genital Herpes
Black
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
Hispanic
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0
Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group
Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology
and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services
41.5
24.5
19.7
19.2
12.8
2.8
9-4
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
93
Incidence Rates of
AIDS
Black
Hispanic
American
Indian
ALL
ARIZONANS
White
non-Hispanic
Asian
0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0
Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group
Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology
and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services
25.6
8.9
8.3
6.8
5.3
0
9-5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
95
RATES AND RATIOS
FOR 1999
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
97
RATES AND RATIOS
1. TEEN PREGNANCIES
(Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females in specified age group)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1-1 Pregnancies among females 19
and younger
36.1 21.0 66.1 40.8 33.1 16.3
1-2 Pregnancies among females 14
and younger 0.9 0.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.5
1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-
17 years old 40.2 20.4 80.4 47.7 39.5 11.2
1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-
19 years old 122.7 74.6 215.5 141.4 124.5 67.9
2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
(All ratios are per 100 live births)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
2-1 Unmarried mothers 38.8 24.8 50.3 64.0 69.2 18.1
2-2 Tobacco use 7.3 11.7 2.5 10.4 3.5 2.9
2-3 Alcohol use 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.7 3.0 0.5
2-4 Chronic hypertension 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.2
2-5 Dysfunctional labor 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.3
2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.7 5.1 1.4
2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 6.6 3.6
2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 2.8 3.4 1.8 2.7 5.6 2.3
2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3
2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 19.2 16.5 20.4 22.3 29.3 17.4
3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES
(Per 100 live births)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
3-1 Early prenatal care 74.1 84.7 62.7 71.1 64.1 81.5
3-2 Five or more prenatal visits 88.4 93.3 83.4 83.3 84.5 92.6
3-3 No prenatal care 2.2 0.8 3.9 1.9 2.4 0.9
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
98
4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH
(Infant, neonatal and postneonatal rates are per 1,000 live births. All other indicators are expressed per 100 live births).
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3
4-2 Newborn intensive care 6.6 6.6 6.9 9.3 4.8 5.5
4-3 Low-birthweight 7.0 6.7 6.9 12.0 7.6 8.2
4-4 Very low-birthweight 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.0
4-5 Congenital anomalies 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.0
4-6 Infant mortality 6.8 5.7 7.2 13.8 8.5 2.2
4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 .0
4-8 Mortality of infants from low
birthweight/short gestation 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.6 .0 .0
4-9 Neonatal mortality 4.5 4.2 4.6 8.2 5.0 1.3
4-10 Postneonatal mortality 2.3 1.5 2.6 5.6 3.5 0.9
5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases)
(Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 161.4 164.0 131.8 192.3 152.7 65.7
5-2 Diseases of the Heart 120.9 123.8 94.7 142.4 114.8 37.6
5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 97.6 101.7 72.2 107.6 77.0 27.9
5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease 25.9 25.5 24.7 31.1 24.1 16.2
5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease 27.8 30.5 10.2 21.9 11.4 7.1
5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 113.1 118.4 82.6 122.3 78.1 53.3
5-7 Lung Cancer 32.3 36.0 14.2 25.9 8.0 11.5
5-8 Breast Cancer 17.1 18.3 10.7 24.8 8.4 8.0
5-9 Cervical Cancer 1.7 1.6 2.3 3.1 .0 .0
5-10 Colorectal Cancer 10.0 10.3 8.2 14.9 4.4 1.9
5-11 Prostate Cancer 11.7 12.1 8.4 15.3 6.0 4.8
5-12 Pneumonia and influenza 19.7 19.4 15.0 20.0 35.4 8.4
5-13 Diabetes 13.5 10.1 26.1 23.1 63.7 7.0
5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection) 8.2 6.9 10.6 11.4 23.6 7.9
5-15 HIV Infection 2.9 2.4 4.0 8.1 3.6 1.0
5-16 Septicemia 4.3 3.6 5.9 6.6 16.9 1.9
5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5.5 5.8 3.7 5.0 1.4 1.0
5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome
& Nephrosis 5.0 4.3 6.7 12.1 14.9 3.1
5-19 Alcoholism 6.9 5.7 6.4 3.6 40.5 1.0
5-20 Total mortality from all causes 507.1 492.2 447.1 586.1 747.2 210.2
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
99
6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES
(Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
6-1 Unintentional injuries 39.8 32.1 44.5 35.2 121.5 20.0
6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 19.7 13.8 25.1 17.1 71.5 14.3
6-3 Fall-related injuries 4.8 4.4 4.4 2.6 9.7 1.9
6-4 Drowning mortality 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 5.3 .0
6-5 Firearm-related deaths* 16.9 14.8 22.6 29.0 13.2 6.6
6-6 Drug-related deaths* 11.0 11.6 9.3 16.5 9.1 2.8
6-7 Suicide 14.6 15.1 10.6 10.6 18.2 6.4
6-8 Homicide 10.0 4.8 18.6 25.5 21.9 4.9
* Crude death rates (number of deaths per 100,000 population in specified group)
7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY
(Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 24.1 17.4 26.9 36.6 50.1 8.8
7-2 Mortality of adolescents and young
adults 15-24 years old 96.0 66.6 123.8 150.3 195.9 56.2
7-3 Mortality of adults 25-64 years old 375.6 373.3 318.9 429.7 666.8 306.3
8. PREMATURE MORTALITY
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
8-1 Average age at death from all causes 71.7 74.1 59.2 60.5 55.7 63.9
8-2 Average age at death from all causes
among males 68.8 71.5 56.2 57.8 51.8 62.3
8-3 Average age at death from all causes
among females 74.9 77.0 63.3 63.9 60.6 65.5
8-4 Percent of total deaths before
expected years of life reached 51.8 47.4 71.7 70.7 76.9 67.0
9. REPORTABLE DISEASES
(Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group)
Figure
number
Indicator
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 10.2 3.9 21.1 61.9 9.1 2.8
9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 86.8 32.5 154.2 512.5 81.5 10.4
9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 241.0 88.5 408.9 635.2 643.7 70.8
9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 19.7 12.8 19.2 41.5 24.5 2.8
9-5 Incidence of AIDS 6.8 5.3 8.9 25.6 8.3 .0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
101
SCORES IN 1999
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
103
SCORES
(A score is the percent above or below the average rate or ratio for all Arizona residents.
A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator.)
1. TEEN PREGNANCIES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger -41.8 83.1 13.0 -8.3 -54.8
1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger -55.6 77.8 66.7 66.7 -44.4
1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old -49.3 100.0 18.7 -1.7 -72.1
1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old -39.2 75.6 15.2 1.5 -44.7
TOTAL SCORE -185.9 336.5 113.6 58.2 -216.0
AVERAGE SCORE -46.5 84.1 28.4 14.6 -54.0
2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
2-1 Unmarried mothers -36.1 29.6 64.9 78.4 -53.4
2-2 Tobacco use 60.3 -65.8 42.5 -52.1 -60.3
2-3 Alcohol use 160.0 .0 240.0 500.0 .0
2-4 Chronic hypertension .0 -33.3 166.7 200.0 -33.3
2-5 Dysfunctional labor 11.1 -33.3 22.2 66.7 44.4
2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 9.5 -38.1 28.6 142.9 -33.3
2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy -22.7 -13.6 -13.6 200.0 63.6
2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 21.4 -35.7 -3.6 100.0 -17.9
2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 57.1 -71.4 .0 -57.1 -57.1
2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds -14.1 6.3 16.1 52.6 -9.4
TOTAL SCORE 246.5 -255.3 563.8 1231.4 -156.7
AVERAGE SCORE 24.7 -25.5 56.4 123.1 -15.7
3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
3-1 Early prenatal care -14.3 15.4 4.0 13.5 -10.0
3-2 Five or more prenatal visits -5.5 5.7 5.8 4.4 -4.8
3-3 No prenatal care -63.6 77.3 -13.6 9.1 -59.1
TOTAL SCORE -83.4 98.4 -3.8 27.0 -73.9
AVERAGE SCORE -27.8 32.8 -1.3 9.0 -24.6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
104
4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 40.0 -60.0 -40.0 -60.0 -40.0
4-2 Newborn intensive care .0 4.5 40.9 -27.3 -16.7
4-3 Low birthweight -4.3 -1.4 71.4 8.6 17.1
4-4 Very low birthweight .0 .0 108.3 16.7 -16.7
4-5 Congenital anomalies .0 -30.8 -7.7 123.1 -23.1
4-6 Infant mortality -16.2 5.9 102.9 25.0 -67.6
4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) -40.0 -20.0 160.0 80.0 -100.0
4-8 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/
short gestation -25.0 12.5 100.0 -100.0 -100.0
4-9 Neonatal mortality -6.7 2.2 82.2 11.1 -71.1
4-10 Postneonatal mortality -34.8 13.0 143.5 52.2 -60.9
TOTAL SCORE -87.0 -74.1 761.5 129.4 -479.0
AVERAGE SCORE -8.7 -7.4 76.2 12.9 -47.9
5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases)
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 1.6 -18.3 19.1 -5.4 -59.3
5-2 Diseases of the Heart 2.4 -21.7 17.8 -5.0 -68.9
5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 4.2 -26.0 10.2 -21.1 -71.4
5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease -1.5 -4.6 20.1 -6.9 -37.5
5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 9.7 -63.3 -21.2 -59.0 -74.5
5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 4.7 -27.0 8.1 -30.9 -52.9
5-7 Lung Cancer 11.5 -56.0 -19.8 -75.2 -64.4
5-8 Breast Cancer 7.0 -37.4 45.0 -50.9 -53.2
5-9 Cervical Cancer -5.9 35.3 82.4 -100.0 -100.0
5-10 Colorectal Cancer 3.0 -18.0 49.0 -56.0 -81.0
5-11 Prostate Cancer 3.4 -28.2 30.8 -48.7 -59.0
5-12 Pneumonia and influenza -1.5 -23.9 1.5 79.7 -57.4
5-13 Diabetes -25.2 93.3 71.1 371.9 -48.1
5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection) -15.9 29.3 39.0 187.8 -3.7
5-15 HIV Infection -17.2 37.9 179.3 24.1 -65.5
5-16 Septicemia -16.3 37.2 53.5 293.0 -55.8
5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5.5 -32.7 -9.1 -74.5 -81.8
5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome &
Nephrosis -14.0 34.0 142.0 198.0 -38.0
5-19 Alcoholism -17.4 -7.2 -47.8 487.0 -85.5
5-20 Total mortality from all causes -2.9 -11.8 15.6 47.3 -58.5
TOTAL SCORE -64.8 -109.1 686.6 1155.2 -1216.4
AVERAGE SCORE -3.2 -5.5 34.3 57.8 -60.8
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
105
6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
6-1 Unintentional injuries -19.3 11.8 -11.6 205.3 -49.7
6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries -29.9 27.4 -13.2 262.9 -27.4
6-3 Fall-related injuries -8.3 -8.3 -45.8 102.1 -60.4
6-4 Drowning mortality -5.9 -23.5 .0 211.8 -100.0
6-5 Firearm-related deaths* -12.4 33.7 71.6 -21.9 -60.9
6-6 Drug-related deaths* 5.5 -15.5 50.0 -17.3 -74.5
6-7 Suicide 3.4 -27.4 -27.4 24.7 -56.2
6.8 Homicide -52.0 86.0 155.0 119.0 -51.0
TOTAL SCORE -118.9 84.2 178.6 886.6 -480.1
AVERAGE SCORE -14.9 10.5 22.3 110.8 -60.0
7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old -27.8 11.6 51.9 107.9 -63.5
7-2
Mortality of adolescents and young adults
15-24 years old -30.6 29.0 56.6 104.1 -41.5
7-3 Mortality of adults 25-64 years old -.6 -15.1 14.4 77.5 -18.5
TOTAL SCORE -59.0 25.5 122.9 289.5 -123.5
AVERAGE SCORE -19.7 8.5 41.0 96.5 -41.2
8. PREMATURE MORTALITY
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
8-1 Average age at death from all causes -3.3 17.4 15.6 22.3 10.9
8-2
Average age at death from all causes among
males -3.9 18.3 16.0 24.7 9.4
8-3
Average age at death from all causes among
females -2.8 15.5 14.7 19.1 12.6
8-4
Percent of total deaths before expected
years of life reached -8.5 38.4 36.5 48.5 29.3
TOTAL SCORE -18.5 89.6 82.8 114.6 62.2
AVERAGE SCORE -4.6 22.4 20.7 28.7 15.6
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
106
9. REPORTABLE DISEASES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
9-1 Incidence of early syphilis -61.8 106.9 506.9 -10.8 -72.5
9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea -62.6 77.6 490.4 -6.1 -88.0
9-3 Incidence of chlamydia -63.3 69.7 163.6 167.1 -70.6
9-4 Incidence of genital herpes -35.0 -2.5 110.7 24.4 -85.8
9-5 Incidence of AIDS -22.1 30.9 276.5 22.1 -100.0
TOTAL SCORE -244.8 282.6 1548.1 196.7 -416.9
AVERAGE SCORE -49.0 56.5 309.6 39.3 -83.4
OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 67 INDICATORS)
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
SUM OF ALL SCORES FOR 67
INDICATORS -615.8 478.3 4,054.1 4,088.6 -3,100.3
AVERAGE OF ALL SCORES FOR 67
INDICATORS -9.2 7.1 60.5 61.0 -46.3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
107
RANKING ORDER
IN 1999
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
109
RANK ORDER
(A rank is the ordering of each ethnic group according to score.)
1 = RANKS BEST AMONG ETHNIC GROUP
5 = RANKS WORST AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS
1. TEEN PREGNANCIES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 2 5 4 3 1
1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 1 5 3.5 3.5 2
1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old 2 5 4 3 1
1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old 2 5 4 3 1
SUM OF RANKS 7.0 20.0 15.5 12.5 5.0
AVERAGE RANK 1.8 5.0 3.9 3.1 1.3
2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
2-1 Unmarried mothers 2 3 4 5 1
2-2 Tobacco use 5 1 4 3 2
2-3 Alcohol use 3 1.5 4 5 1.5
2-4 Chronic hypertension 3 1.5 4 5 1.5
2-5 Dysfunctional labor 2 1 3 5 4
2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 3 1 4 5 2
2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 1 2.5 2.5 5 4
2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 4 1 3 5 2
2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 5 1 4 2.5 2.5
2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 1 3 4 5 2
SUM OF RANKS 29.0 16.5 36.5 45.5 22.5
AVERAGE RANK 2.9 1.7 3.7 4.6 2.3
3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES
Figure
number
Indicator
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
3-1 Early prenatal care 1 5 3 4 2
3-2 Five or more prenatal visits 1 4 5 3 2
3-3 No prenatal care 1 5 3 4 2
SUM OF RANKS 3.0 14.0 11.0 11.0 6.0
AVERAGE RANK 1.0 4.7 3.7 3.7 2.0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
110
4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 5 1.5 3.5 1.5 3.5
4-2 Newborn intensive care 3 4 5 1 2
4-3 Low birthweight 1 2 5 3 4
4-4 Very low birthweight 2.5 2.5 5 4 1
4-5 Congenital anomalies 4 1 3 5 2
4-6 Infant mortality 2 3 5 4 1
4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 2 3 5 4 1
4-8
Mortality of infants from low birthweight/
short gestation
3 4 5 1.5 1.5
4-9 Neonatal mortality 2 3 5 4 1
4-10 Postneonatal mortality 2 3 5 4 1
SUM OF RANKS 26.5 27.0 46.5 32.0 19.0
AVERAGE RANK 2.7 2.7 4.7 3.2 1.9
5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases)
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 4 2 5 3 1
5-2 Diseases of the Heart 4 2 5 3 1
5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 4 2 5 3 1
5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease 4 3 5 2 1
5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 5 2 4 3 1
5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 4 3 5 2 1
5-7 Lung Cancer 5 3 4 1 2
5-8 Breast Cancer 4 3 5 2 1
5-9 Cervical Cancer 3 4 5 1.5 1.5
5-10 Colorectal Cancer 4 3 5 2 1
5-11 Prostate Cancer 4 3 5 2 1
5-12 Pneumonia and influenza 3 2 4 5 1
5-13 Diabetes 2 4 3 5 1
5-14
Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection)
1 3 4 5 2
5-15 HIV Infection 2 4 5 3 1
5-16 Septicemia 2 3 4 5 1
5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5 3 4 2 1
5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis 2 3 4 5 1
5-19 Alcoholism 3 4 2 5 1
5-20 Total mortality from all causes 3 2 4 5 1
SUM OF RANKS 68.0 58.0 87.0 64.5 22.5
AVERAGE RANK 3.4 2.9 4.4 3.2 1.1
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
111
6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
6-1 Unintentional injuries 2 4 3 5 1
6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 1 4 3 5 2
6-3 Fall-related injuries 3.5 3.5 2 5 1
6-4 Drowning mortality 3 2 4 5 1
6-5 Firearm-related deaths 3 4 5 2 1
6-6 Drug-related deaths 4 3 5 2 1
6-7 Suicide 4 2.5 2.5 5 1
6-8 Homicide 1 3 5 4 2
SUM OF RANKS 21.5 26.5 29.5 33.0 10.0
AVERAGE RANK 2.7 3.3 3.7 4.1 1.3
7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 2 3 4 5 1
7-2
Mortality of adolescents and young adults
15-24 years old 2 3 4 5 1
7-3 Mortality among adults 25-64 years old 3 2 4 5 1
SUM OF RANKS 7.0 8.0 12.0 15.0 3.0
AVERAGE RANK 2.3 2.7 4.0 5.0 1.0
8. PREMATURE MORTALITY
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
8-1 Average age at death from all causes 1 4 3 5 2
8-2
Average age at death from all causes
among males 1 4 3 5 2
8-3
Average age at death from all causes
among females 1 4 3 5 2
8-4
Percent of total deaths before expected
years of life reached 1 4 3 5 2
SUM OF RANKS 4.0 16.0 12.0 20.0 8.0
AVERAGE RANK 1.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 2.0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
112
9. REPORTABLE DISEASES
Figure
number
INDICATOR
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 2 4 5 3 1
9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 2 4 5 3 1
9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 2 3 4 5 1
9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 2 3 5 4 1
9-5 Incidence of AIDS 2 4 5 3 1
SUM OF RANKS 10.0 18.0 24.0 18.0 5.0
AVERAGE RANK 2.0 3.6 4.8 3.6 1.0
OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 67 INDICATORS)
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
SUM OF ALL RANKS FOR 67
MEASUREMENTS 176.0 204.0 274.0 251.5 101.0
AVERAGE RANK BASED ON 67
MEASUREMENTS 2.6 3.0 4.1 3.8 1.5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
113
COMPARATIVE RATES
AND RATIOS FOR 1995,
1997 AND 1999
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
115
COMPARATIVE RATES AND RATIOS
FOR 1995, 1997 AND 1999
1. TEEN PREGNANCIES
(Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females in specified age group)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 36.1 21.0 66.1 40.8 33.1 16.3
1997 38.0 24.6 67.9 41.7 34.4 15.8
1-1 Pregnancies among
females 19 and younger
1995 49.7 38.9 67.3 75.9 54.7
1999 0.9 0.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.5
1997 1.0 0.5 1.9 1.1 0.8 0.8
1-2 Pregnancies among
females 14 and younger
1995 2.2 0.9 3.7 3.1 1.9 0.6
1999 40.2 20.4 80.4 47.7 39.5 11.2
1997 44.6 25.2 86.3 49.8 45.9 17.8
1-3 Pregnancies among
females 15-17 years old
1995 61.1 34.8 101.5 59.4 54.9 19.0
1999 122.7 74.6 215.5 141.4 124.5 67.9
1997 128.4 86.3 218.9 146.2 125.1 56.6
1-4 Pregnancies among
females 18-19 years old
1995 129.5 104.1 214.0 149.1 148.6 68.0
2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS
(All ratios are per 100 live births)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 38.8 24.8 50.3 64.0 69.2 18.1
1997 37.7 24.7 48.3 64.8 68.4 18.5
2-1 Unmarried mothers
1995 38.2 25.7 50.0 63.4 67.5 19.8
1999 7.3 11.7 2.5 10.4 3.5 2.9
1997 8.5 13.2 3.1 11.6 4.2 2.9
2-2 Tobacco use
1995 11.4 16.8 4.5 15.5 4.9 4.6
1999 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.7 3.0 0.5
1997 1.3 1.4 0.7 2.1 3.3 0.2
2-3 Alcohol use
1995 1.9 2.2 1.1 3.4 3.8 0.4
1999 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.2
1997 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.2 0.4
2-4 Chronic hypertension
1995 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.2
1999 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.3
1997 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.2 0.4
2-5 Dysfunctional labor
1995 1.3 1.5 0.8 1.3 2.3 2.1
1999 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.7 5.1 1.4
1997 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.7 4.4 1.4
2-6 Anemia during pregnancy
1995 1.6 1.3 1.4 2.2 4.1 0.9
1999 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 6.6 3.6
1997 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.8 7.5 1.9
2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy
1995 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.8 6.5 3.1
1999 2.8 3.4 1.8 2.7 5.6 2.3
1997 2.6 2.8 1.8 2.7 5.3 1.6
2-8 Pregnancy-associated
hypertension
1995 2.4 2.5 1.9 1.5 4.8 1.3
1999 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3
1997 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4
2-9 Genital herpes during
pregnancy
1995 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.4
1999 19.2 16.5 20.4 22.3 29.3 17.4
1997 18.8 15.1 22.1 22.1 27.0 15.2
2-10 Weight gain of less than 21
pounds
1995 16.8 13.8 19.0 21.1 27.1 16.0
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
116
3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES
(Per 100 live births)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 74.1 84.7 62.7 71.1 64.1 81.5
1997 74.4 84.3 63.9 69.4 60.0 81.6
3-1 Early prenatal care
1995 70.7 80.0 59.2 67.0 57.0 77.4
1999 88.4 93.3 83.4 83.3 84.5 92.6
1997 91.6 95.6 87.8 87.7 84.5 95.6
3-2 Five or more prenatal visits
1995 87.3 91.1 82.9 80.7 83.3 89.3
1999 2.2 0.8 3.9 1.9 2.4 0.9
1997 1.8 0.7 3.0 3.0 2.4 0.6
3-3 No prenatal care
1995 1.6 0.8 2.7 1.8 2.6 0.8
4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH
(Infant, neonatal and postneonatal rates are per 1,000 live births. All other indicators are expressed per 100 live births).
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3
1997 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.3 1.2
4-1 Hyaline membrane disease
1995 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
1999 6.6 6.6 6.9 9.3 4.8 5.5
1997 6.6 6.4 6.8 10.7 4.5 6.2
4-2 Newborn intensive care
1995 5.7 5.3 6.3 9.9 4.0 5.3
1999 7.0 6.7 6.9 12.0 7.6 8.2
1997 6.9 6.7 6.6 13.6 6.6 7.6
4-3 Low birthweight
1995 6.8 6.7 6.6 13.3 6.2 6.3
1999 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.0
1997 1.2 1.2 1.1 2.6 1.1 1.0
4-4 Very low birthweight
1995 1.2 1.1 1.2 2.6 0.9 1.1
1999 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.0
1997 1.5 1.4 1.4 2.2 2.5 1.5
4-5 Congenital anomalies
1995 1.7 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.8 1.9
1999 6.8 5.7 7.2 13.8 8.5 2.2
1997 7.2 6.7 7.3 10.4 8.4 3.9
4-6 Infant mortality
1995 7.6 7.8 6.6 12.8 9.7 2.2
1999 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 .0
1997 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.9 1.2 0.6
4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
(SIDS)
1995 1.0 1.1 0.5 3.7 2.0 0.7
1999 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.6 .0 .0
1997 0.7 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.8 0.6
4-8 Mortality of infants from low
birthweight/short gestation
1995 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.6 0.1
1999 4.5 4.2 4.6 8.2 5.0 1.3
1997 4.5 4.1 5.0 6.9 3.4 3.2
4-9 Neonatal mortality
1995 4.8 5.1 4.7 6.7 3.8 1.5
1999 2.3 1.5 2.6 5.6 3.5 0.9
1997 2.7 2.6 2.3 3.5 5.0 0.7
4-10 Postneonatal mortality
1995 2.8 2.7 1.9 6.1 6.0 0.7
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
117
5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases)
(Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 161.4 164.0 131.8 192.3 152.7 65.7
1997 166.9 179.2 149.8 201.3 162.5 73.3
5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases
1995 180.2 188.1 169.1 236.7 166.4 100.0
1999 120.9 123.8 94.7 142.4 114.8 37.6
1997 126.6 136.6 108.3 155.8 126.5 52.8
5-2 Diseases of the Heart
1995 150.1 152.3 125.8 217.8 129.3 79.6
1999 97.6 101.7 72.2 107.6 77.0 27.9
1997 102.2 112.2 81.0 105.2 88.2 41.9
5-3 Coronary Heart Disease
1995 111.0 120.7 103.1 133.0 79.0 54.1
1999 25.9 25.5 24.7 31.1 24.1 16.2
1997 29.2 30.8 31.3 34.0 25.1 14.1
5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease
1995 28.0 27.7 25.3 41.3 29.7 26.0
1999 27.8 30.5 10.2 21.9 11.4 7.1
1997 28.9 33.7 11.5 24.5 11.1 9.3
5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease
1995 26.1 28.9 11.7 24.3 10.7 9.7
1999 113.1 118.4 82.6 122.3 78.1 53.3
1997 116.5 127.3 89.1 140.9 88.2 49.5
5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer)
1995 126.3 131.1 100.0 164.3 81.8 89.5
1999 32.3 36.0 14.2 25.9 8.0 11.5
1997 32.2 36.9 14.9 44.7 8.5 12.2
5-7 Lung Cancer
1995 34.1 37.7 18.2 49.6 11.0 18.1
1999 17.1 18.3 10.7 24.8 8.4 8.0
1997 19.3 21.0 16.0 26.8 6.4 1.7
5-8 Breast Cancer
1995 17.2 18.2 13.2 21.4 7.3 23.5
1999 1.7 1.6 2.3 3.1 .0 .0
1997 1.7 1.6 2.4 2.4 4.1 .0
5-9 Cervical Cancer
1995 2.4 2.2 3.7 2.7 4.1 2.4
1999 10.0 10.3 8.2 14.9 4.4 1.9
1997 10.7 11.7 7.7 14.0 5.6 7.0
5-10 Colorectal Cancer
1995 11.5 12.3 7.8 15.9 8.7 9.2
1999 11.7 12.1 8.4 15.3 6.0 4.8
1997 14.2 16.0 10.8 28.6 5.4 6.6
5-11 Prostate Cancer
1995 17.5 17.6 17.5 27.5 15.7 7.9
1999 19.7 19.4 15.0 20.0 35.4 8.4
1997 16.1 16.6 15.4 20.6 36.4 1.4
5-12 Pneumonia and influenza
1995 17.2 16.5 15.4 22.0 40.5 10.5
1999 13.5 10.1 26.1 23.1 63.7 7.0
1997 13.1 10.1 26.0 27.8 62.1 14.5
5-13 Diabetes
1995 10.9 8.5 20.6 23.0 48.1 7.6
1999 8.2 6.9 10.6 11.4 23.6 7.9
1997 8.8 8.0 10.3 18.8 27.0 6.1
5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases
(excluding HIV Infection)
1995 6.0 4.9 7.7 12.2 23.3 4.9
1999 2.9 2.4 4.0 8.1 3.6 1.0
1997 4.2 3.9 4.7 16.3 4.2 0.9
5-15 HIV Infection
1995 8.6 9.1 6.8 17.7 3.1 1.8
1999 4.3 3.6 5.9 6.6 16.9 1.9
1997 4.5 4.2 5.5 11.9 14.7 0.0
5-16 Septicemia
1995 4.1 3.1 5.3 6.5 17.4 4.9
1999 5.5 5.8 3.7 5.0 1.4 1.0
1997 4.8 5.5 3.7 3.4 0.6 0.0
5-17 Alzheimer's Disease
1995 4.1 5.0 2.7 2.3 1.8 0.0
1999 5.0 4.3 6.7 12.1 14.9 3.1
1997 4.1 4.1 5.5 7.0 8.3 1.4
5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome and
Nephrosis
1995 4.2 3.8 5.4 10.5 11.1 0.0
1999 6.9 5.7 6.4 3.6 40.5 1.0
1997 7.9 6.9 8.0 6.1 33.8 0.0
5-19 Alcoholism
1995 8.9 6.6 10.4 9.0 49.7 1.2
1999 507.1 492.2 447.1 586.1 747.2 210.2
1997 518.1 533.1 470.6 651.1 766.0 224.9
5-20 Total mortality from all causes
1995 546.1 537.2 478.8 767.3 755.3 323.5
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
118
6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES
(Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 39.8 32.1 44.5 35.2 121.5 20.0
1997 41.5 36.8 40.3 44.4 146.0 16.5
6-1 Unintentional Injuries
1995 41.4 36.1 39.8 42.5 136.8 22.1
1999 19.7 13.8 25.1 17.1 71.5 14.3
1997 21.0 17.2 21.9 21.2 84.3 9.1
6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries
1995 23.7 20.1 23.4 19.7 83.3 14.6
1999 4.8 4.4 4.4 2.6 9.7 1.9
1997 4.7 4.8 4.7 2.5 10.3 1.4
6-3 Fall-related injuries
1995 3.5 3.4 3.6 0.8 9.7 1.4
1999 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 5.3 0.0
1997 2.0 1.8 1.3 3.7 7.0 0.0
6-4 Drowning mortality
1995 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.1 2.3
1999 16.9 14.8 22.6 29.0 13.2 6.6
1997 19.6 17.9 24.5 37.9 17.9 7.7
6-5 Firearm-related deaths*
1995 24.1 22.0 28.9 43.2 16.4 6.2
1999 11.0 11.6 9.3 16.5 9.1 2.8
1997 8.8 9.4 6.9 14.5 8.8 2.2
6-6 Drug-related deaths*
1995** 6.5 6.9 5.6 9.1 5.1 1.5
1999 14.6 15.1 10.6 10.6 18.2 6.4
1997 16.9 19.2 9.8 12.4 21.3 13.1
6-7 Suicide
1995 18.2 19.6 10.6 12.4 20.8 6.3
1999 10.0 4.8 18.6 25.5 21.9 4.9
1997 11.1 5.4 20.2 29.9 20.2 5.1
6-8 Homicide
1995 10.2 6.5 15.3 35.9 22.4 5.1
* Crude death rates (number of deaths per 100,000 population in specified group).
** Average annual rates for 1985-1995.
7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY
(Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 24.1 17.4 26.9 36.6 50.1 8.8
1997 33.1 27.5 36.3 40.4 39.2 23.7
7-1 Mortality of children 1-14
years old
1995 35.9 34.2 32.0 60.9 72.2 54.9
1999 96.0 66.6 123.8 150.3 195.9 56.2
1997 115.3 91.1 129.5 170.7 243.9 49.0
7-2 Mortality of adolescents
and young adults 15-24
years old 1995 139.4 103.7 116.7 167.3 257.1 45.4
1999 375.6 373.3 318.9 429.7 666.8 306.3
1997 379.7 394.9 298.3 470.0 714.9 126.5
7-3 Mortality among adults
25-64 years old
1995 420.0 405.0 310.5 547.0 660.4 153.9
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
119
8. PREMATURE MORTALITY
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 71.7 74.1 59.2 60.5 55.7 63.9
1997 71.0 73.1 61.3 61.9 55.4 64.2
8-1 Average age at death
from all causes
1995 68.5 71.0 57.4 67.4 52.2 63.8
1999 68.8 71.5 56.2 57.8 51.8 62.3
1997 67.5 70.1 57.2 57.6 51.2 61.4
8-2 Average age at death
from all causes among
males 1995 65.2 68.2 53.1 53.7 48.2 63.1
1999 74.9 77.0 63.3 63.9 60.6 65.5
1997 74.9 76.3 67.4 67.7 61.4 68.0
8-3 Average age at death
from all causes among
females 1995 72.4 74.2 63.6 62.9 57.8 64.6
1999 51.8 47.4 71.7 70.7 76.9 67.0
1997 53.6 49.9 69.6 71.2 79.9 68.5
8-4 Percent of total deaths
before expected years
of life reached 1995 54.0 50.2 70.5 72.0 78.6 65.1
9. REPORTABLE DISEASES
(Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group)
Figure
number
Indicator
Year
ALL
ARIZONA
RESIDENTS
White
non-
Hispanic
Hispanic
Black or
African
American
American
Indian
Asian or
Pacific
Islander
1999 10.2 3.9 21.1 61.9 9.1 2.8
1997 7.2 2.3 13.4 73.4 2.8 1.1
9-1 Incidence of early syphilis
1995 3.8 0.8 10.6 45.1 2.9 3.6
1999 86.8 32.5 154.2 512.5 81.5 10.4
1997 82.6 30.0 125.6 639.9 55.8 18.7
9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea
1995 91.8 39.5 164.4 992.8 91.7 25.5
1999 241.0 88.5 408.9 635.2 643.7 70.8
1997 234.2 85.5 388.5 523.5 635.5 76.9
9-3 Incidence of chlamydia
1995 240.3 98.7 476.2 870.3 708.3 83.6
1999 19.7 12.8 19.2 41.5 24.5 2.8
1997 29.9 18.9 25.6 67.7 29.5 8.8
9-4 Incidence of genital herpes
1995 51.2 31.6 49.4 119.8 31.9 23.6
1999 6.8 5.3 8.9 25.6 8.3 .0
1997 6.7 5.6 9.8 18.9 4.0 1.1
9-5 Incidence of AIDS
1995 11.3 12.2 8.6 24.8 3.0 3.3
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
121
DATA SOURCES
AND DEFINITIONS
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
123
SOURCES OF DATA
Information on births and deaths is compiled from the original documents (i.e., certificates
of live births and certificates of death) filed with the Arizona Department of Health Services.
Information on induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions) performed on Arizona women
is compiled from reports sent to the Arizona Department of Health Services by facilities
within but not outside the state.
Pregnancies are the sum of live births, spontaneous terminations of pregnancy (fetal deaths
or still births) and induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions).
Data on morbidity, levels of disease and disability in the population, are obtained for certain
infectious diseases that must be reported by law. The ADHS Epidemiology and Disease
Control Services conducts surveillance and monitoring of these reportable diseases and
provided data for section 9 in this report.
In order to obtain population denominators by ethnic group, used to calculate rates for
1999, the 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity for Arizona from
the U.S. Bureau of the Census (Detailed State Projection Data Files: 1995 to 2025, available
on the Web at http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/stproj.html ) were
applied to official population estimates prepared by the Population Statistics Unit of the
Arizona Department of Economic Security.
Almost all figures are based on rates and ratios published in the 1999 Arizona Health
Status and Vital Statistics annual report.
DEFINITIONS
Terms Related to Reproductive Health
ABORTION RATE - NUMBER OF REPORTED ABORTIONS TO FEMALES OF ALL AGES DURING A CALENDAR YEAR
PER 1,000 FEMALES OF CHILDBEARING AGE (15-44 YEARS).
ABORTION RATIO - NUMBER OF ABORTIONS REPORTED DURING A PERIOD PER 1,000 LIVE BIRTHS
OCCURRING DURING THE SAME PERIOD.
BIRTH OR LIVE BIRTH - THE COMPLETE EXPULSION OR EXTRACTION FROM ITS MOTHER OF A PRODUCT OF
HUMAN CONCEPTION, IRRESPECTIVE OF THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY WHICH, AFTER SUCH EXPULSION OR
EXTRACTION, BREATHS OR SHOWS ANY OTHER EVIDENCE OF LIFE SUCH AS BEATING OF THE HEART,
PULSATION OF THE UMBILICAL CORD OR DEFINITE MOVEMENT OF VOLUNTARY MUSCLES, WHETHER OR NOT THE
UMBILICAL CORD HAS BEEN CUT OR THE PLACENTA IS ATTACHED.
BIRTH WEIGHT - THE WEIGHT OF A NEONATE DETERMINED IMMEDIATELY AFTER DELIVERY OR AS SOON
THEREAFTER AS POSSIBLE.
INFANT DEATH - ANY DEATH AT ANY TIME FROM BIRTH UP TO, BUT NOT INCLUDING, THE FIRST YEAR OF AGE
(364 DAYS, 23 HOURS, 59 MINUTES FROM THE MOMENT OF BIRTH).
LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT - PRIOR TO 1990: ANY NEONATE WHOSE WEIGHT AT BIRTH IS 2,500 GRAMS OR
LESS. BEGINNING IN 1990: ANY NEONATE WEIGHING LESS THAN 2,500 GRAMS AT BIRTH (LESS THAN 5
POUNDS 8 OUNCES).
NEONATAL DEATH - DEATH OF A LIVEBORN NEONATE BEFORE THE NEONATE BECOMES 28 DAYS OLD (UP TO
AND INCLUDING 27 DAYS, 23 HOURS, 59 MINUTES FROM THE MOMENT OF BIRTH).
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
124
POSTNEONATAL DEATH - ANY DEATH OF A LIVEBORN INFANT AT LEAST 28 DAYS OF AGE BUT UNDER ONE
YEAR OF AGE.
VERY LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT - ANY NEONATE WHOSE WEIGHT AT BIRTH IS 1,500 GRAMS OR LESS (LESS
THAN 3 POUNDS 5 OUNCES).
TERMS RELATED TO MORTALITY
AGE-ADJUSTED MORTALITY RATES - BECAUSE MORTALITY FROM MOST CAUSES OF DEATH OCCURS
PREDOMINATELY AMONG THE ELDERLY, A POPULATION GROUP WITH A LARGER PROPORTION OF OLDER
PERSONS WOULD HAVE A HIGHER MORTALITY RATE. THE "AGE-ADJUSTMENT" REMOVES THE EFFECT OF THE
AGE DIFFERENCES AMONG SUB-POPULATIONS BY PLACING THEM ALL IN A POPULATION WITH A STANDARD AGE
DISTRIBUTION.
AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY - NUMBER OF DEATHS IN A SPECIFIC AGE GROUP DURING A CALENDAR YEAR.
CAUSE OF DEATH - FOR THE PURPOSE OF NATIONAL MORTALITY STATISTICS, EVERY DEATH IS ATTRIBUTED
TO ONE UNDERLYING CONDITION, BASED ON INFORMATION REPORTED ON THE DEATH CERTIFICATE AND
UTILIZING THE INTERNATIONAL RULES FOR SELECTING THE UNDERLYING CAUSE OF DEATH FROM THE
REPORTED CONDITIONS.
CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY - NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM A SPECIFIED CAUSE DURING A CALENDAR YEAR.
CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSE OF DEATH - THE CAUSE OF DEATH USED IN THIS REPORT IS THE UNDERLYING
CAUSE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES, INJURIES AND
CAUSES OF DEATH. LISTED BELOW ARE CATEGORIES AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES
(ICD) CODES FOR SELECTED CAUSES OF MORTALITY PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT.
ALCOHOLISM: 291, 303, 571.0-571.3
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: 331.0
BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN: 174
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: 390-448
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE (STROKE): 430-438
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): 490-496
CIRRHOSIS: 571
COLORECTAL CANCER: 153.0-154.3, 154.8, 159.0
CORONARY HEART DISEASE: 410-414, 402, 429.2
DIABETES MELLITUS: 250
DISEASE OF HEART: 390-398, 402, 404-429
DROWNING: E830, E832, E910
DRUG-RELATED DEATHS: 292, 304, 305.2-305.9, E850-E858, E950.0-E950.5, E962.0, 980.0-
E980.5
FALL-RELATED DEATHS: E880-E888
FIREARM-RELATED DEATHS: E922.0-E922.3, E922.8-E922.9, E955.0-E955.4, E965.0-E965.4,
E970, E985.0-E985.4
HIV INFECTION: 042-044
HOMICIDE AND LEGAL INTERVENTION: E960-E978
INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES: 001-139
INJURIES NOT RELATED TO MOTOR VEHICLES: E800-E807, E826-E949;
INJURIES, UNINTENTIONAL: E800-E949
MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS (CANCERS): 140-208
MOTOR VEHICLE-RELATED INJURIES: E810-E825
NEPHRITIS, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME AND NEPHROSIS: 580-589
PNEUMONIA & INFLUENZA: 480-487
SEPTICEMIA: 038
SUICIDE : E950-E959
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
125
Medical Terms Used on the Birth Certificate
MEDICAL RISK FACTORS FOR THIS PREGNANCY
ANEMIA - HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF LESS THAN 10.0 G/DL DURING PREGNANCY OR HEMATOCRIT OF LESS
THAN 30 PERCENT DURING PREGNANCY.
CARDIAC DISEASE - DISEASE OF THE HEART.
ACUTE OR CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE - DISEASE OF THE LUNGS DURING PREGNANCY.
DIABETES - METABOLIC DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE DISCHARGE OF URINE AND PERSISTENT
THIRST; INCLUDES JUVENILE ONSET, ADULT ONSET AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES DURING PREGNANCY.
GENITAL HERPES - INFECTION OF THE SKIN OF THE GENITAL AREA BY HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS.
HYDRAMNIOS/OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS - ANY NOTICEABLE EXCESS (HYDRAMNIOS) OR LACK
(OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS) OF AMNIOTIC FLUID.
HEMOGLOBINOPATHY - A BLOOD DISORDER CAUSED BY ALTERATION IN THE GENETICALLY DETERMINED
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF HEMOGLOBIN (FOR EXAMPLE, SICKLE CELL ANEMIA).
HYPERTENSION, CHRONIC - BLOOD PRESSURE PERSISTENTLY GREATER THAN 140/90, DIAGNOSED PRIOR
TO ONSET OF PREGNANCY OR BEFORE THE 20TH WEEK OF GESTATION.
HYPERTENSION, PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED - AN INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE OF AT LEAST 30 MM HG
SYSTOLIC OR 15 MM HG DIASTOLIC ON TWO MEASUREMENTS TAKEN 6 HOURS APART AFTER THE 20TH WEEK
OF GESTATION.
ECLAMPSIA - THE OCCURRENCE OF CONVULSIONS AND/OR COMA UNRELATED TO OTHER CEREBRAL
CONDITIONS IN WOMEN WITH SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PREECLAMPSIA.
INCOMPETENT CERVIX - CHARACTERIZED BY PAINLESS DILATION OF THE CERVIX IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER
OR EARLY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY, WITH PREMATURE EXPULSION OF MEMBRANES THOUGH
CERVIX AND BALLOONING OF THE MEMBRANES INTO VAGINA, FOLLOWED BY RUPTURE OF THE MEMBRANE AND
SUBSEQUENT EXPULSION OF THE FETUS.
PREVIOUS INFANT 4,000+ GRAMS - THE BIRTHWEIGHT OF A PREVIOUS LIVE-BORN CHILD WAS OVER
4,000 GRAMS (8LBS.14OZ.).
PREVIOUS PRETERM OR SMALL-FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE-INFANT - PREVIOUS BIRTH OF AN INFANT PRIOR
TO TERM (BEFORE 37 COMPLETED WEEKS OF GESTATION) OR OF AN INFANT WEIGHING LESS THAN THE 10TH
PERCENTILE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE USING A STANDARD WEIGHT FOR AGE CHART.
RENAL DISEASE - KIDNEY DISEASE.
RH SENSITIZATION - THE PROCESS OR STATE OF BECOMING SENSITIZED TO THE RH FACTOR AS WHEN AN
RH-NEGATIVE WOMAN IS PREGNANT WITH AN RH-POSITIVE FETUS.
UTERINE BLEEDING - ANY CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT BLEEDING DURING THE PREGNANCY TAKING INTO
CONSIDERATION THE STAGE OF PREGNANCY; ANY SECOND OR THIRD TRIMESTER BLEEDING OR THIRD
TRIMESTER BLEEDING OF THE UTERUS PRIOR TO THE ONSET OF LABOR.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
126
COMPLICATIONS OF LABOR AND/OR DELIVERY
FEBRILE - A FEVER GREATER THAN 100 DEGREES F. OR 38 DEGREES C. OCCURRING DURING LABOR
AND/OR DELIVERY.
MECONIUM, MODERATE/HEAVY - MECONIUM CONSISTS OF UNDIGESTED DEBRIS FROM SWALLOWED
AMNIOTIC FLUID, VARIOUS PRODUCTS OF SECRETION AND SHEDDING BY THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT,
MODERATE TO HEAVY AMOUNTS OF MECONIUM IN THE AMNIOTIC FLUID NOTED DURING LABOR AND/OR
DELIVERY.
MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME - ASPIRATION OF MECONIUM BY THE FETUS OR NEWBORN, AFFECTING
THE LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
ASSISTED VENTILATION (LESS THAN 30 MINUTES) - A MECHANICAL METHOD OF ASSISTING
RESPIRATION FOR NEWBORNS WITH RESPIRATORY FAILURE.
PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (MORE THAN 12 HOURS) - RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES AT ANY
TIME DURING PREGNANCY AND MORE THAN 12 HOURS BEFORE THE ONSET OF LABOR.
ABRUPTIO PLACENTA - PREMATURE SEPARATION OF NORMALLY IMPLANTED PLACENTA FROM THE UTERUS.
PLACENTA PREVIA - IMPLANTATION OF THE PLACENTA OVER OR NEAR THE INTERNAL OPENING OF THE
CERVIX.
OTHER EXCESSIVE BLEEDING - THE LOSS OF SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF BLOOD FROM CONDITIONS OTHER
THAN ABRUPTIO PLACENTA OR PLACENTA PREVIA.
SEIZURES DURING LABOR - MATERNAL SEIZURES OCCURRING DURING LABOR FROM ANY CAUSE .
ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE NEWBORN
ANEMIA - HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF LESS THAN 13.0 G/DL OR A HEMATOCRIT OF LESS THAN 39 PERCENT.
BIRTH INJURY - IMPAIRMENT OF THE INFANT'S BODY FUNCTION OR STRUCTURE DUE TO ADVERSE
INFLUENCES THAT OCCURRED AT BIRTH.
FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME - A SYNDROME OF ALTERED PRENATAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
OCCURRING IN INFANTS BORN OF WOMEN WHO CONSUMED EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF ALCOHOL DURING
PREGNANCY.
HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE/RDS - A DISORDER PRIMARILY OF PREMATURITY, MANIFESTED CLINICALLY
BY RESPIRATORY DISTRESS AND PATHOLOGICALLY BY PULMONARY HYALINE MEMBRANES AND INCOMPLETE
EXPANSION OF THE LUNGS AT BIRTH.
ASSISTED VENTILATION (30 MINUTES OR MORE) - NEWBORN PLACED ON ASSISTED VENTILATION FOR
30 MINUTES OR LONGER.
SEIZURES - A SEIZURE OF ANY ETIOLOGY.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
127
POPULATION
DENOMINATORS
POPULATION BY ETHNIC GROUP, ARIZONA RESIDENTS,
1980, 1990 AND 1999
(Numbers rounded to nearest thousand)
Ethnic group 1980 1990 1997
% of total
population
in 1999
American Indian 154.0 203.0 265.2 5.4%
Asian 25.0 55.0 105.5 2.1%
Black 74.0 110.0 176.1 3.6%
Hispanic 444.0 688.0 1,060.2 21.5%
Non-Hispanic white 2,021.0 2,608.0 3,317.3 67.4%
TOTAL 2,718.0 3,665.0 4,924.3 100.0%
Note: Data for 1980 and 1990 are the census counts. In order to obtain population denominators by ethnic group,
used to calculate rates for 1999, the 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity for Arizona from
the U.S. Bureau of the Census (Detailed State Projection Data Files: 1995 to 2025, available on the Web at
http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/stproj.html ) were applied to official population estimates
prepared by the Population Statistics Unit of the Arizona Department of Economic Security.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
129
ESTIMATED POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, GENDER AND RACE/ETHNICITY, ARIZONA, 1999
39,260 153,949 404,166 393,674 447,460 521,438 444,958 318,471 593,920 3,317,297
20,131 79,670 218,156 214,651 232,904 257,423 217,629 151,806 265,903 1,658,274
19,129 74,279 186,010 179,023 214,556 264,015 227,329 166,665 328,017 1,659,023
25,154 91,961 219,993 186,577 182,878 148,296 92,660 51,621 61,058 1,060,197
12,833 46,854 112,176 94,465 93,760 75,342 45,721 24,230 26,287 531,668
12,320 45,106 107,817 92,112 89,118 72,954 46,939 27,391 34,771 528,529
3,388 12,539 31,195 28,604 30,341 29,416 18,050 10,356 12,239 176,128
1,719 6,376 15,992 14,562 15,831 15,595 9,343 5,006 5,355 89,779
1,668 6,163 15,203 14,043 14,510 13,822 8,706 5,350 6,885 86,349
6,501 23,681 62,192 47,977 42,510 34,237 21,579 12,310 14,208 265,195
3,256 11,942 31,016 23,883 20,924 16,503 9,944 5,459 5,753 128,679
3,245 11,739 31,176 24,094 21,586 17,735 11,635 6,851 8,455 136,516
1,710 6,493 16,346 16,020 21,072 17,848 12,040 6,868 7,137 105,533
863 3,296 8,392 7,960 10,241 8,380 5,156 2,908 2,857 50,053
847 3,197 7,955 8,059 10,831 9,467 6,884 3,960 4,280 55,480
76,012 288,622 733,892 672,852 724,261 751,236 589,287 399,626 688,562 4,924,350
38,802 148,138 385,732 355,521 373,660 373,243 287,793 189,409 306,155 2,458,453
37,210 140,484 348,160 317,331 350,601 377,993 301,494 210,217 382,407 2,465,897
WHITE NON-HISPANIC
---Male
---Female
HISPANIC
---Male
---Female
BLACK
---Male
---Female
AMERICAN INDIAN
---Male
---Female
ASIAN
---Male
---Female
ALL GROUPS
---Male
---Female
<1 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+
Age group
Total
Note: The 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity and single year of age from the U.S. Bureau of the Census were applied to official
population estimates prepared by DES Population Statistics Unit and released on 8/12/1999.
DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999
130
Our Web site at http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/ohpes.htm provides
instantaneous access to a wide range of statistical information about health status
and use of health care in Arizona. The Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics
annual report examines trends in natality, mortality and morbidity towards
established health objectives. Additional data can be found in the special reports and
studies focused on differences in the health status by ethnic group, suicide mortality,
unintentional injury mortality among children and adolescents, firearm-related
fatalities, unintentional drowning deaths, drug-related mortality, teenage pregnancy
and abortion practices in Arizona. The Monthly Vital Statistics Bulletin has the
most up to date information on births, deaths, marriages and divorces.
Office of Epidemiology and Statistics
Bureau of Public Health Statistics
Public Health Services
ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES

Object Description

Rating
TITLE	Differences in the health status among ethnic groups, Arizona
CREATOR	Mrela, Christopher K.
SUBJECT	Minorities--Health and hygiene--Arizona--Statistics; Minorities--Arizona--Statistics; Health and race--Arizona--Statistics; Arizona--Statistics, Medical; Health Status Indicators--Arizona; Ethnic Groups--Arizona;
Browse Topic	Race and ethnicity
DESCRIPTION	This title contains one or more publications.
Language	English
Contributor	Arizona. Office of Health Planning, Evaluation, and Statistics.
Publisher	Arizona Dept. of Health Services, Office of Health Planning, Evaluation and Statistics.
Material Collection	State Documents
Source Identifier	HES 87.7:E 74
Location	ocm37393303
REPOSITORY	Arizona State Library, Archives, and Public Records--Law and Research Library.

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TITLE	Differences in the health status among ethnic groups, Arizona, 1999
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DATE ORIGINAL	2001-01
Time Period	2000s (2000-2009)
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Source Identifier	HES 87.7:E 74/ 1999
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Full Text	Bureau of Public Health Statistics Office of Epidemiology and Statistics Public Health Services Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups Arizona, 1999 ~ Leadership for a Healthy Arizona ~ Jane Dee Hull, Governor State of Arizona Catherine R. Eden, Director Arizona Department of Health Services OFFICE OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND STATISTICS BUREAU OF PUBLIC HEALTH STATISTICS ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES 2700 North 3rd Street, Room 4075 Phoenix, Arizona 85004 Phone: 602/542-1216; FAX: 602/542-2940 http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/index.htm This publication can be made available in alternative format. Please contact the Office of Epidemiology and Statistics at 602/542-1216 (voice) or call 1-800-367-8939 (TDD). Permission to quote from or reproduce materials from this publication is granted when due acknowledgment is made. Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 1999 by Christopher K. Mrela, Ph.D., Assistant Registrar of Vital Statistics Trentham Coe, Senior Research Data Analyst January 2001 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 1999 Table of Contents Purpose....................................................................................................... 1 Demographic Profile of Arizona Ethnic Diversity ......................................... 1 Methods ...................................................................................................... 2 Key Findings ............................................................................................... 2 FIGURES.................................................................................................. 5 1. Teen Pregnancies ............................................................................7 2. Maternal Lifestyle and Health Characteristics................................ 13 3. Utilization of Prenatal Care Services.............................................. 25 4. Newborn's Health ..........................................................................31 5. Mortality from Natural Causes ....................................................... 43 6. Mortality from Injuries .................................................................. 65 7. Age-Specific Mortality....................................................................75 8. Patterns of Premature Mortality .................................................... 81 9. The Incidence of Reportable Diseases ........................................... 87 RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1999 .....................................................95 SCORES IN 1999 .............................................................................. 101 RANKING ORDER IN 1999............................................................ 107 COMPARATIVE RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1995, 1997 AND 1999 ..........................................................113 DATA SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS.......................................... 121 Sources of Data....................................................................................... 123 Definitions .............................................................................................. 123 Terms Related to Reproductive Health .................................... 123 Terms Related to Mortality...................................................... 124 Medical Terms Used on the Birth Certificate............................ 125 POPULATION DENOMINATORS...................................................127 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 PURPOSE The report Differences in the Health Status Among Ethnic Groups, Arizona, 1999 is the update* of population-level data about differences in the relative health of five ethnic groups residing in Arizona: White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, Blacks (or African-Americans), American Indians and Asians (Asian or Pacific Islanders). The report compares the relative standing of ethnic groups on 67 indicators or measures of health status. The indicators are presented in a series of simple, self-explanatory bar charts and organized around 9 major subject areas: (1) TEEN PREGNANCIES, (2) MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS, (3) UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES, (4) NEWBORN'S HEALTH, (5) MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (CHRONIC OR INFECTIOUS DISEASES), (6) MORTALITY FROM INJURIES, (7) AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, (8) PATTERNS OF PREMATURE MORTALITY and (9) THE INCIDENCE OF REPORTABLE DISEASES. The report also provides scores and rankings of ethnic groups on each of the 67 health status measures. The comparisons of rates and ratios, as well as scores and rankings are intended to give some sense of the inequalities in the health status among ethnic groups in our State and to stimulate viable initiatives to improve the health of all Arizonans. DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF ARIZONA'S ETHNIC DIVERSITY In 1999, the White non-Hispanic group in Arizona made up 67.4 percent of the total population statewide, while racial and ethnic minority groups accounted for 32.6 percent. The White non-Hispanic population increased by 64.1 percent from 1980 to 1999, while Arizona's minority population more than doubled from 697,000 in 1980 to 1,607,000 in 1999 (See p.127: Population Denominators, Population by Ethnic Group, Arizona Residents, 1980, 1990 and 1999). The fastest growing ethnic minority groups in Arizona between 1980 and 1999 were Asian (an increase of 322 percent), followed by Hispanic (139 percent), Black (138 percent) and American Indian (72.2 percent). Compared with the White non-Hispanic majority, the ethnic minority groups have had greater percentages of people younger than 25 years (48.6 vs. 29.9 percent). In contrast, people aged 65 years and older accounted for 17.9 percent of White non-Hispanics, but only 5.9 percent of all ethnic minority groups combined. ____________________________________ * Prior editions of this report were published for the 1995 and 1997 data years. This report uses the same methodology as 1997 edition, so that all scores and ranks are directly comparable. In addition, all rates and ratios are comparable for 1995, 1997 and 1999 (see p. 113 Comparative Rates and Ratios for 1995, 1997 and 1999). DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 2 METHODS The 67 indicators presented in this report are individual measures of the various dimensions or facets of health status. By calculating overall scores and rankings it is possible to provide a summary measure representing a relative standing of each ethnic group on a broad range of health status issues. Scores indicate the percentage an ethnic group is above or below the statewide average. Each score is calculated as follows: THE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO IN A SPECIFIED GROUP SCORE = - 1.0 X 100 THE AVERAGE VALUE OF A RATE OR RATIO FOR THE STATE Scores may have positive (+) or negative (-) values. The above formula produces a score of 0.0 for a group with the same value as the statewide average. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator. The age-adjusted mortality rates presented in section 5 and section 6 of this report were computed by the direct method, i.e. by applying the age-specific death rates to the standard population distributed by age. The total U.S. population as enumerated in 1940 was selected as the standard. KEY FINDINGS In 1999, as in 1997, Arizona's Asian residents ranked best among ethnic groups in the overall health status, followed by White non-Hispanics, Hispanics, American Indians and Blacks. BLACKS Average rank: 4.1* Average score: +60.5** Arizona Black residents had the lowest rank of overall health status because they ranked 5th of 4th among the five ethnic groups on 49 of 67 measures (see Figure A). High infant mortality rate, high ratios of low birthweight and very low birthweight births, high incidence of many reportable diseases, high mortality rates for almost all of the leading causes of death and high rate of premature death all lowered the ranking for this population group. However, Blacks experienced an improvement in overall score from 71.9 in 1997 to 60.5 in 1999. This decrease in scores reflects substantial declines in age-adjusted mortality rates for HIV infection (which dropped 50.3 percent between 1997 and 1999), septicemia (44.5 percent), alcoholism (41 percent), firearm-related injuries (23.5 percent) and cancer (13.2 percent). _____________________________________ * The average rank based on all 67 measurements (the sum of the ranks divided by 67 measurements. Ranks range between 1 = the highest rank of health indicators and 5 = the lowest rank of health indicators). See section RATES AND RATIOS, p.95. ** The average score based on all 67 measurements (the sum of all scores divided by 67 measurements). See section SCORES, p.101. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 3 AMERICAN INDIANS Average rank: 3.8 Average score: +61.0 In 1999, American Indians in Arizona had the highest average score among all groups, but second lowest rank of overall health status. They ranked 5th or 4th less often than Blacks (39 times on 67 indicators, Figure A), but they exceeded the statewide averages by a wider margin than any other group (Figure B). American Indians ranked poorly on measures of maternal lifestyle and health as well as in utilization of prenatal care. High infant mortality, alcoholism, diabetes, motor vehicle accidents and mortality from unintentional injuries contributed to the premature death rate. This resulted in the second lowest ranking of American Indians in the relative healthiness among racial and ethnic groups in Arizona. HISPANICS Average rank: 3.0 Average score: +7.1 In 1999, as in 1997, Hispanics achieved a 3rd place health ranking, with a score only slightly higher than that of White non-Hispanics. Hispanics ranked in the middle of five groups on 23 of 67 measures of health. They ranked worse than average in poor utilization of early prenatal care, high teen pregnancy rates and high premature mortality. They ranked better than average with low suicide mortality rate, low mortality from unintentional injuries, low alcohol and tobacco use among women giving birth and in total mortality. WHITE NON-HISPANICS Average rank: 2.6 Average score: -9.2 White non-Hispanics ranked second best in the relative healthiness among ethnic groups in Arizona. They ranked No.1 or No.2 on 37 of 67 measures of health, including low teen pregnancy rates, high utilization of prenatal care and low premature mortality. However, in the use of tobacco among women giving birth and in mortality rates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer and Alzheimer’s disease, White non-Hispanics ranked worst among ethnic groups. ASIANS Average rank: 1.5 Average score: -46.3 Many factors contributed to Asians' No.1 relative health ranking. They ranked best or second best among ethnic groups on 63 of 67 indicators, including measures of maternal lifestyle and health, cause-and-age-specific mortality and in low incidence of reportable diseases. Asians ranked second best in utilization of prenatal care services and second with a low rate of premature death. The average score of Arizona Asian residents improved from –42.8 in 1997 to -46.3 in 1999. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 4 Figure A Number of Times Each Group Ranked Better Than Average, Average, and Worst Than Average on 67 Indicators, Arizona, 1999 4 14 21 37 63 14 15 23 12 1 49 38 23 18 3 Black American Indian Hispanic White non-Hispanic Asian Better than Average (ranks 1 or 2) Average (rank 3) Worst than Average (ranks 4 or 5) Figure B Average Scores in 1999 (A score is a percent above or below the average for all Arizona residents. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator.) -46.3 -9.2 7.1 60.5 61.0 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 90.0 -15.0 -30.0 -45.0 -60.0 -75.0 -90.0 Asian White non-Hispanic Hispanic American Black Indian AVERAGE FOR ALL ARIZONANS DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 5 FIGURES DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 7 1. Teen Pregnancies Females 19 and Younger Females 14 and Younger Females 15-17 Years Old Females 18-19 Years Old DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 9 1-1 Pregnancies Among Females Aged 19 and Younger 66.1 40.8 36.1 33.1 21.0 16.3 Hispanic Black ALL ARIZONANS American Indian White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females aged 19 or younger DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 10 Pregnancies Among Females 14 and Younger 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.9 0.5 0.4 Hispanic Black American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 10-14 years old 1-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 11 Pregnancies Among Females 15-17 Years Old 80.4 47.7 40.2 39.5 20.4 11.2 Hispanic Black ALL ARIZONANS American Indian White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 90.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 15-17 years old 1-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 12 Pregnancies Among Females 18-19 Years Old 215.5 141.4 124.5 122.7 74.6 67.9 Hispanic Black American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 55.0 110.0 165.0 220.0 Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females 18-19 years old 1-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 13 2. Maternal Lifestyle and Health Characteristics Unmarried Mothers Tobacco Use During Pregnancy Alcohol Use During Pregnancy The Incidence of Chronic Hypertension Dysfunctional Labor The Incidence of Anemia During Pregnancy The Incidence of Diabetes The Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension The Incidence of Genital Herpes Maternal Weight Gain of Less Than 21 Pounds DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 15 Unmarried Mothers 69.2 64.0 50.3 38.8 24.8 18.1 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 Per 100 live births 2-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 16 Tobacco Use During Pregnancy 11.7 10.4 7.3 3.5 2.9 2.5 White non-Hispanic Black ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Asian Hispanic 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 Per 100 live births 2-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 17 Alcohol Use During Pregnancy 3.0 1.7 1.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 American Indian Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic Asian 0.0 0.7 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.5 Per 100 live births 2-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 18 The Incidence of Chronic Hypertension in Women Giving Birth 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 American Indian Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian Hispanic 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 Per 100 live births 2-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 19 Dysfunctional Labor 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 American Indian Asian Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 Per 100 live births 2-5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 21 The Incidence of Anemia During Pregnancy 5.1 2.7 2.3 2.1 1.4 1.3 American Indian Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian Hispanic 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 Per 100 live births 2-6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 21 The Incidence of Diabetes During Pregnancy 6.6 3.6 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.7 American Indian Asian ALL ARIZONANS Black Hispanic White non-Hispanic 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 Per 100 live births 2-7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 22 The Incidence of Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension 5.6 3.4 2.8 2.7 2.3 1.8 American Indian White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Asian Hispanic 0.0 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5 Per 100 live births 2-8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 23 The Incidence of Genital Herpes During Pregnancy 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black American Indian Asian Hispanic 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 Per 100 live births 2-9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 24 Maternal Weight Gain of Less Than 21 Pounds 29.3 22.3 20.4 19.2 17.4 16.5 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 Per 100 live births 2-10 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 25 3. Utilization of Prenatal Care Services Early Prenatal Care Five or More Prenatal Visits No Prenatal Care DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 27 Early Prenatal Care 84.7 81.5 74.1 71.1 64.1 62.7 White non-Hispanic Asian ALL ARIZONANS Black American Indian Hispanic 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 Women giving birth who received prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy per 100 live births in specified group 3-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 28 Five or More Prenatal Visits 93.3 92.6 88.4 84.5 83.4 83.3 White non-Hispanic Asian ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Hispanic Black 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 Women giving birth who had five or more prenatal visits per 100 live births in specified group 3-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 29 No Prenatal Care 3.9 2.4 2.2 1.9 0.9 0.8 Hispanic American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Black Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 Women giving birth who received no prenatal care per 100 live births in specified group 3-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 31 4. Newborn’s Health The Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease Newborn Intensive Care The Incidence of Low-Birthweight Births The Incidence of Very Low-Birthweight Births The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies (Birth Defects) Infant Mortality Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Mortality of Infants from Low-Birthweight/ Short Gestation Neonatal Mortality Postneonatal Mortality DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 33 The Incidence of Hyaline Membrane Disease* 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian Black American Indian Hispanic 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 Per 100 live births in specified group * A disorder primarily of prematurity, manifested clinically by respiratory distress and pathologically by pulmonary hyaline membranes and incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth. 4-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 34 The Incidence of Newborn Intensive Care 9.3 6.9 6.6 6.6 5.5 4.8 Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian American Indian 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 Per 100 live births in specified group 4-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 35 The Incidence of Low-Birthweight Births 12.0 8.2 7.6 7.0 6.9 6.7 Black Asian American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic White non-Hispanic 0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 Number of infants weighing less than 2,500 grams per 100 live births in specified group 4-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 36 The Incidence of Very Low-Birthweight Births 2.6 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 Black American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic Asian 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Number of infants weighing less than 1,500 grams per 100 live births in specified group 4-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 37 The Incidence of Congenital Anomalies (Birth Defects) 2.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Black Asian Hispanic 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Per 100 live births in specified group 4-5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 38 Infant Mortality 13.8 8.5 7.2 6.8 5.7 2.2 Black American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group 4-6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 39 Infant Mortality from SIDS* Black American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group * Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. 1.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.0 4-7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 40 Infant Mortality from Low Birthweight/ Short Gestation Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group 1.6 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.0 4-8 0.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 41 Neonatal Mortality 8.2 5.0 4.6 4.5 4.2 1.3 Black American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group 4-9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 42 Postneonatal Mortality 5.6 3.5 2.6 2.3 1.5 0.9 Black American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 Per 1,000 live births in specified child's ethnic group 4-10 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 43 5. Mortality from Natural Causes Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases Mortality from Diseases of the Heart Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms Mortality from Lung Cancer Mortality from Breast Cancer Mortality from Cervical Cancer Mortality from Colorectal Cancer Mortality from Prostate Cancer Mortality from Pneumonia & Influenza Mortality from Diabetes Mortality from Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) Mortality from HIV Infection Mortality from Septicemia Mortality from Alzheimer's Disease Mortality from Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis Mortality from Alcoholism Mortality from All Causes DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 45 Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases 192.3 164.0 161.4 152.7 131.8 65.7 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Hispanic Asian 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 46 142.4 123.8 120.9 114.8 94.7 37.6 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Hispanic Asian 0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 150.0 Mortality from Diseases of the Heart Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 47 Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease 107.6 101.7 97.6 77.0 72.2 27.9 White non-Hispanic Black ALL ARIZONANS American Indian Hispanic Asian 0.0 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 48 Mortality from Cerebrovascular Disease 31.1 25.9 25.5 24.7 24.1 16.2 Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 49 Mortality from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 30.5 27.8 21.9 11.4 10.2 7.1 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black American Indian Hispanic Asian 0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 50 Mortality from Malignant Neoplasms 122.3 118.4 113.1 82.6 78.1 53.3 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 51 Mortality from Lung Cancer 36.0 32.3 25.9 14.2 11.5 8.0 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Hispanic Asian American Indian 0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 40.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 52 Mortality from Breast Cancer 24.8 18.3 17.1 10.7 8.4 8.0 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 53 Mortality from Cervical Cancer Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 0.9 1.8 2.7 3.6 Number of deaths per 100,000 females in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 3.1 2.3 1.7 1.6 0.0 5-9 0.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 54 Mortality from Colorectal Cancer 14.9 10.3 10.0 8.2 4.4 1.9 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic Asian American Indian 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-10 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 55 Mortality from Prostate Cancer 15.3 12.1 11.7 8.4 6.0 4.8 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 males in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-11 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 56 Mortality from Pneumonia & Influenza 35.4 20.0 19.7 19.4 15.0 8.4 American Indian Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic Asian 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-12 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 57 Mortality from Diabetes 63.7 26.1 23.1 13.5 10.1 7.0 American Indian Hispanic Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-13 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 58 Mortality from Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) 23.6 11.4 10.6 8.2 7.9 6.9 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-14 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 59 Mortality from HIV Infection 8.1 4.0 3.6 2.9 2.4 1.0 Black Hispanic American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 1.5 3.0 4.5 6.0 7.5 9.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-15 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 60 Mortality from Septicemia 16.9 6.6 5.9 4.3 3.6 1.9 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 4.5 9.0 13.5 18.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-16 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 61 Mortality from Alzheimer's Disease 5.8 5.5 5.0 3.7 1.4 1.0 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 1.3 2.6 3.9 5.2 6.5 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-17 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 62 Mortality from Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephrosis 14.9 12.1 6.7 5.0 4.3 3.1 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-18 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 63 Mortality from Alcoholism American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic White non-Hispanic Black Asian 0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 35.0 42.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 40.5 6.9 6.4 5.7 3.6 1.0 5-19 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 64 Mortality from All Causes 747.2 586.1 507.1 492.2 447.1 210.2 American Indian Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic Asian 0.0 200.0 400.0 600.0 800.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 5-20 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 65 6. Mortality from Injuries Mortality from Unintentional Injuries Mortality from Motor Vehicle-Related Injuries Mortality from Fall-Related Injuries Drowning Mortality Firearm-Related Mortality Drug-Related Mortality Suicide Mortality Homicide Mortality DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 67 Mortality from Unintentional Injuries 121.5 44.5 39.8 35.2 32.1 20.0 American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 100.0 125.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 68 Mortality from Motor Vehicle-Related Injuries 71.5 25.1 19.7 17.1 14.3 13.8 American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 75.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 69 Mortality from Fall-Related Injuries 9.7 4.8 4.4 4.4 2.6 1.9 American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic Black Asian 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 70 Drowning Mortality American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Black White non-Hispanic Hispanic Asian 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 5.3 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.3 0.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 71 Firearm-Related Mortality 29.0 22.6 16.9 14.8 13.2 6.6 Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 8.0 16.0 24.0 32.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (crude-death rate) 6-5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 72 Drug-Related Mortality 16.5 11.6 11.0 9.3 9.1 2.8 Black White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic American Indian Asian 0.0 3.5 7.0 10.5 14.0 17.5 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (crude death rate) 6-6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 73 Suicide Mortality 18.2 15.1 14.6 10.6 10.6 6.4 American Indian White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Black Hispanic Asian 0.0 4.0 8.0 12.0 16.0 20.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 74 Homicide Mortality 25.5 21.9 18.6 10.0 4.9 4.8 Black American Indian Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian White non-Hispanic 0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group (age-adjusted to 1940 standard population) 6-8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 75 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Mortality Among Children 1-14 Years Old Mortality Among Adolescents and Young Adults 15-24 Years Old Mortality Among Adults 25-64 Years Old DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 77 Mortality of Children 1-14 Years Old 50.1 36.6 26.9 24.1 17.4 8.8 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 11.0 22.0 33.0 44.0 55.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 children 1-14 years old in specified ethnic group 7-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 78 Mortality of Adolescents and Young Adults 15-24 Years Old 195.9 150.3 123.8 96.0 66.6 56.2 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons 15-24 years old in specified ethnic group 7-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 79 Mortality among Adults 25-64 Years Old 666.8 429.7 375.6 373.3 318.9 306.3 American Indian Black ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Hispanic Asian 0.0 150.0 300.0 450.0 600.0 750.0 Number of deaths per 100,000 persons 25-64 years old in specified ethnic group 7-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 81 8. Patterns of Premature Mortality Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Residents Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Males Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Females Percent of Total Deaths Before Expected Years of Life Reached DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 83 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Residents In 1999 74.1 71.7 63.9 60.5 59.2 55.7 Whitenon-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asians Black Hispanic American Indian 40.0 60.0 80.0 8-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 84 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Males In 1999 71.5 68.8 62.3 57.8 56.2 51.8 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asians Black Hispanic American Indian 40.0 60.0 80.0 8-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 85 Average Age At Death From All Causes Among Arizona Females In 1999 77.0 74.9 65.5 63.9 63.3 60.6 White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asians Black Hispanic American Indian 40.0 60.0 80.0 8-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 86 Percent of Total Deaths Before and After Expected Years of Life Reached* 47.4% 51.8% 67.0% 70.7% 71.7% 76.9% 52.6% 48.2% 33.0% 29.3% 28.3% 23.1% White non-Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS Asian Black Hispanic American Indian BEFORE AFTER Percent deaths in specified group in Arizona in 1999 before and after expected years of life at birth or life expectancy of 76.7 years for all U.S. residents. 8-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 87 9. The Incidence of Reportable Diseases Incidence Rates of Syphilis Incidence Rates of Gonorrhea Incidence Rates of Chlamydia Incidence Rates of Genital Herpes Incidence Rates of AIDS DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 89 Incidence Rates of Early Syphilis Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS American Indian White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 65.0 Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services 61.9 21.1 10.2 9.1 3.9 2.8 9-1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 90 Incidence Rates of Gonorrhea Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS American Indian White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 110.0 220.0 330.0 440.0 550.0 Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services 512.5 154.2 86.8 81.5 32.5 10.4 9-2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 91 Incidence Rates of Chlamydia 643.7 635.2 408.9 241.0 88.5 70.8 American Indian Black Hispanic ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 250.0 500.0 750.0 Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services 643.7 635.2 408.9 241.0 9-3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 92 Incidence Rates of Genital Herpes Black American Indian ALL ARIZONANS Hispanic White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 9.0 18.0 27.0 36.0 45.0 Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services 41.5 24.5 19.7 19.2 12.8 2.8 9-4 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 93 Incidence Rates of AIDS Black Hispanic American Indian ALL ARIZONANS White non-Hispanic Asian 0.0 7.0 14.0 21.0 28.0 Number of cases reported in 1999 per 100,000 population in specified group Source: Arizona Department of Health Services, Bureau of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Office of HIV/STD Services 25.6 8.9 8.3 6.8 5.3 0 9-5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 95 RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1999 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 97 RATES AND RATIOS 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES (Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females in specified age group) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 36.1 21.0 66.1 40.8 33.1 16.3 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 0.9 0.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.5 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15- 17 years old 40.2 20.4 80.4 47.7 39.5 11.2 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18- 19 years old 122.7 74.6 215.5 141.4 124.5 67.9 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS (All ratios are per 100 live births) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers 38.8 24.8 50.3 64.0 69.2 18.1 2-2 Tobacco use 7.3 11.7 2.5 10.4 3.5 2.9 2-3 Alcohol use 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.7 3.0 0.5 2-4 Chronic hypertension 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.2 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.3 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.7 5.1 1.4 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 6.6 3.6 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 2.8 3.4 1.8 2.7 5.6 2.3 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 19.2 16.5 20.4 22.3 29.3 17.4 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES (Per 100 live births) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 3-1 Early prenatal care 74.1 84.7 62.7 71.1 64.1 81.5 3-2 Five or more prenatal visits 88.4 93.3 83.4 83.3 84.5 92.6 3-3 No prenatal care 2.2 0.8 3.9 1.9 2.4 0.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 98 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH (Infant, neonatal and postneonatal rates are per 1,000 live births. All other indicators are expressed per 100 live births). Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 4-2 Newborn intensive care 6.6 6.6 6.9 9.3 4.8 5.5 4-3 Low-birthweight 7.0 6.7 6.9 12.0 7.6 8.2 4-4 Very low-birthweight 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.0 4-5 Congenital anomalies 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.0 4-6 Infant mortality 6.8 5.7 7.2 13.8 8.5 2.2 4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 .0 4-8 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/short gestation 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.6 .0 .0 4-9 Neonatal mortality 4.5 4.2 4.6 8.2 5.0 1.3 4-10 Postneonatal mortality 2.3 1.5 2.6 5.6 3.5 0.9 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 161.4 164.0 131.8 192.3 152.7 65.7 5-2 Diseases of the Heart 120.9 123.8 94.7 142.4 114.8 37.6 5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 97.6 101.7 72.2 107.6 77.0 27.9 5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease 25.9 25.5 24.7 31.1 24.1 16.2 5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 27.8 30.5 10.2 21.9 11.4 7.1 5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 113.1 118.4 82.6 122.3 78.1 53.3 5-7 Lung Cancer 32.3 36.0 14.2 25.9 8.0 11.5 5-8 Breast Cancer 17.1 18.3 10.7 24.8 8.4 8.0 5-9 Cervical Cancer 1.7 1.6 2.3 3.1 .0 .0 5-10 Colorectal Cancer 10.0 10.3 8.2 14.9 4.4 1.9 5-11 Prostate Cancer 11.7 12.1 8.4 15.3 6.0 4.8 5-12 Pneumonia and influenza 19.7 19.4 15.0 20.0 35.4 8.4 5-13 Diabetes 13.5 10.1 26.1 23.1 63.7 7.0 5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) 8.2 6.9 10.6 11.4 23.6 7.9 5-15 HIV Infection 2.9 2.4 4.0 8.1 3.6 1.0 5-16 Septicemia 4.3 3.6 5.9 6.6 16.9 1.9 5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5.5 5.8 3.7 5.0 1.4 1.0 5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis 5.0 4.3 6.7 12.1 14.9 3.1 5-19 Alcoholism 6.9 5.7 6.4 3.6 40.5 1.0 5-20 Total mortality from all causes 507.1 492.2 447.1 586.1 747.2 210.2 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 99 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 6-1 Unintentional injuries 39.8 32.1 44.5 35.2 121.5 20.0 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 19.7 13.8 25.1 17.1 71.5 14.3 6-3 Fall-related injuries 4.8 4.4 4.4 2.6 9.7 1.9 6-4 Drowning mortality 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 5.3 .0 6-5 Firearm-related deaths 16.9 14.8 22.6 29.0 13.2 6.6 6-6 Drug-related deaths* 11.0 11.6 9.3 16.5 9.1 2.8 6-7 Suicide 14.6 15.1 10.6 10.6 18.2 6.4 6-8 Homicide 10.0 4.8 18.6 25.5 21.9 4.9 * Crude death rates (number of deaths per 100,000 population in specified group) 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY (Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 24.1 17.4 26.9 36.6 50.1 8.8 7-2 Mortality of adolescents and young adults 15-24 years old 96.0 66.6 123.8 150.3 195.9 56.2 7-3 Mortality of adults 25-64 years old 375.6 373.3 318.9 429.7 666.8 306.3 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 8-1 Average age at death from all causes 71.7 74.1 59.2 60.5 55.7 63.9 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males 68.8 71.5 56.2 57.8 51.8 62.3 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females 74.9 77.0 63.3 63.9 60.6 65.5 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached 51.8 47.4 71.7 70.7 76.9 67.0 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES (Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group) Figure number Indicator ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 10.2 3.9 21.1 61.9 9.1 2.8 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 86.8 32.5 154.2 512.5 81.5 10.4 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 241.0 88.5 408.9 635.2 643.7 70.8 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 19.7 12.8 19.2 41.5 24.5 2.8 9-5 Incidence of AIDS 6.8 5.3 8.9 25.6 8.3 .0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 101 SCORES IN 1999 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 103 SCORES (A score is the percent above or below the average rate or ratio for all Arizona residents. A negative score indicates better than average standing on an indicator.) 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger -41.8 83.1 13.0 -8.3 -54.8 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger -55.6 77.8 66.7 66.7 -44.4 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old -49.3 100.0 18.7 -1.7 -72.1 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old -39.2 75.6 15.2 1.5 -44.7 TOTAL SCORE -185.9 336.5 113.6 58.2 -216.0 AVERAGE SCORE -46.5 84.1 28.4 14.6 -54.0 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers -36.1 29.6 64.9 78.4 -53.4 2-2 Tobacco use 60.3 -65.8 42.5 -52.1 -60.3 2-3 Alcohol use 160.0 .0 240.0 500.0 .0 2-4 Chronic hypertension .0 -33.3 166.7 200.0 -33.3 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 11.1 -33.3 22.2 66.7 44.4 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 9.5 -38.1 28.6 142.9 -33.3 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy -22.7 -13.6 -13.6 200.0 63.6 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 21.4 -35.7 -3.6 100.0 -17.9 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 57.1 -71.4 .0 -57.1 -57.1 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds -14.1 6.3 16.1 52.6 -9.4 TOTAL SCORE 246.5 -255.3 563.8 1231.4 -156.7 AVERAGE SCORE 24.7 -25.5 56.4 123.1 -15.7 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 3-1 Early prenatal care -14.3 15.4 4.0 13.5 -10.0 3-2 Five or more prenatal visits -5.5 5.7 5.8 4.4 -4.8 3-3 No prenatal care -63.6 77.3 -13.6 9.1 -59.1 TOTAL SCORE -83.4 98.4 -3.8 27.0 -73.9 AVERAGE SCORE -27.8 32.8 -1.3 9.0 -24.6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 104 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 40.0 -60.0 -40.0 -60.0 -40.0 4-2 Newborn intensive care .0 4.5 40.9 -27.3 -16.7 4-3 Low birthweight -4.3 -1.4 71.4 8.6 17.1 4-4 Very low birthweight .0 .0 108.3 16.7 -16.7 4-5 Congenital anomalies .0 -30.8 -7.7 123.1 -23.1 4-6 Infant mortality -16.2 5.9 102.9 25.0 -67.6 4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) -40.0 -20.0 160.0 80.0 -100.0 4-8 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/ short gestation -25.0 12.5 100.0 -100.0 -100.0 4-9 Neonatal mortality -6.7 2.2 82.2 11.1 -71.1 4-10 Postneonatal mortality -34.8 13.0 143.5 52.2 -60.9 TOTAL SCORE -87.0 -74.1 761.5 129.4 -479.0 AVERAGE SCORE -8.7 -7.4 76.2 12.9 -47.9 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 1.6 -18.3 19.1 -5.4 -59.3 5-2 Diseases of the Heart 2.4 -21.7 17.8 -5.0 -68.9 5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 4.2 -26.0 10.2 -21.1 -71.4 5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease -1.5 -4.6 20.1 -6.9 -37.5 5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 9.7 -63.3 -21.2 -59.0 -74.5 5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 4.7 -27.0 8.1 -30.9 -52.9 5-7 Lung Cancer 11.5 -56.0 -19.8 -75.2 -64.4 5-8 Breast Cancer 7.0 -37.4 45.0 -50.9 -53.2 5-9 Cervical Cancer -5.9 35.3 82.4 -100.0 -100.0 5-10 Colorectal Cancer 3.0 -18.0 49.0 -56.0 -81.0 5-11 Prostate Cancer 3.4 -28.2 30.8 -48.7 -59.0 5-12 Pneumonia and influenza -1.5 -23.9 1.5 79.7 -57.4 5-13 Diabetes -25.2 93.3 71.1 371.9 -48.1 5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) -15.9 29.3 39.0 187.8 -3.7 5-15 HIV Infection -17.2 37.9 179.3 24.1 -65.5 5-16 Septicemia -16.3 37.2 53.5 293.0 -55.8 5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5.5 -32.7 -9.1 -74.5 -81.8 5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis -14.0 34.0 142.0 198.0 -38.0 5-19 Alcoholism -17.4 -7.2 -47.8 487.0 -85.5 5-20 Total mortality from all causes -2.9 -11.8 15.6 47.3 -58.5 TOTAL SCORE -64.8 -109.1 686.6 1155.2 -1216.4 AVERAGE SCORE -3.2 -5.5 34.3 57.8 -60.8 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 105 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 6-1 Unintentional injuries -19.3 11.8 -11.6 205.3 -49.7 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries -29.9 27.4 -13.2 262.9 -27.4 6-3 Fall-related injuries -8.3 -8.3 -45.8 102.1 -60.4 6-4 Drowning mortality -5.9 -23.5 .0 211.8 -100.0 6-5 Firearm-related deaths* -12.4 33.7 71.6 -21.9 -60.9 6-6 Drug-related deaths* 5.5 -15.5 50.0 -17.3 -74.5 6-7 Suicide 3.4 -27.4 -27.4 24.7 -56.2 6.8 Homicide -52.0 86.0 155.0 119.0 -51.0 TOTAL SCORE -118.9 84.2 178.6 886.6 -480.1 AVERAGE SCORE -14.9 10.5 22.3 110.8 -60.0 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old -27.8 11.6 51.9 107.9 -63.5 7-2 Mortality of adolescents and young adults 15-24 years old -30.6 29.0 56.6 104.1 -41.5 7-3 Mortality of adults 25-64 years old -.6 -15.1 14.4 77.5 -18.5 TOTAL SCORE -59.0 25.5 122.9 289.5 -123.5 AVERAGE SCORE -19.7 8.5 41.0 96.5 -41.2 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 8-1 Average age at death from all causes -3.3 17.4 15.6 22.3 10.9 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males -3.9 18.3 16.0 24.7 9.4 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females -2.8 15.5 14.7 19.1 12.6 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached -8.5 38.4 36.5 48.5 29.3 TOTAL SCORE -18.5 89.6 82.8 114.6 62.2 AVERAGE SCORE -4.6 22.4 20.7 28.7 15.6 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 106 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis -61.8 106.9 506.9 -10.8 -72.5 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea -62.6 77.6 490.4 -6.1 -88.0 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia -63.3 69.7 163.6 167.1 -70.6 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes -35.0 -2.5 110.7 24.4 -85.8 9-5 Incidence of AIDS -22.1 30.9 276.5 22.1 -100.0 TOTAL SCORE -244.8 282.6 1548.1 196.7 -416.9 AVERAGE SCORE -49.0 56.5 309.6 39.3 -83.4 OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 67 INDICATORS) White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander SUM OF ALL SCORES FOR 67 INDICATORS -615.8 478.3 4,054.1 4,088.6 -3,100.3 AVERAGE OF ALL SCORES FOR 67 INDICATORS -9.2 7.1 60.5 61.0 -46.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 107 RANKING ORDER IN 1999 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 109 RANK ORDER (A rank is the ordering of each ethnic group according to score.) 1 = RANKS BEST AMONG ETHNIC GROUP 5 = RANKS WORST AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 2 5 4 3 1 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 1 5 3.5 3.5 2 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old 2 5 4 3 1 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old 2 5 4 3 1 SUM OF RANKS 7.0 20.0 15.5 12.5 5.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.8 5.0 3.9 3.1 1.3 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 2-1 Unmarried mothers 2 3 4 5 1 2-2 Tobacco use 5 1 4 3 2 2-3 Alcohol use 3 1.5 4 5 1.5 2-4 Chronic hypertension 3 1.5 4 5 1.5 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 2 1 3 5 4 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 3 1 4 5 2 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 1 2.5 2.5 5 4 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 4 1 3 5 2 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 5 1 4 2.5 2.5 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 1 3 4 5 2 SUM OF RANKS 29.0 16.5 36.5 45.5 22.5 AVERAGE RANK 2.9 1.7 3.7 4.6 2.3 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES Figure number Indicator White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 3-1 Early prenatal care 1 5 3 4 2 3-2 Five or more prenatal visits 1 4 5 3 2 3-3 No prenatal care 1 5 3 4 2 SUM OF RANKS 3.0 14.0 11.0 11.0 6.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.0 4.7 3.7 3.7 2.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 110 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 5 1.5 3.5 1.5 3.5 4-2 Newborn intensive care 3 4 5 1 2 4-3 Low birthweight 1 2 5 3 4 4-4 Very low birthweight 2.5 2.5 5 4 1 4-5 Congenital anomalies 4 1 3 5 2 4-6 Infant mortality 2 3 5 4 1 4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 2 3 5 4 1 4-8 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/ short gestation 3 4 5 1.5 1.5 4-9 Neonatal mortality 2 3 5 4 1 4-10 Postneonatal mortality 2 3 5 4 1 SUM OF RANKS 26.5 27.0 46.5 32.0 19.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.7 2.7 4.7 3.2 1.9 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 4 2 5 3 1 5-2 Diseases of the Heart 4 2 5 3 1 5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 4 2 5 3 1 5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease 4 3 5 2 1 5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 5 2 4 3 1 5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 4 3 5 2 1 5-7 Lung Cancer 5 3 4 1 2 5-8 Breast Cancer 4 3 5 2 1 5-9 Cervical Cancer 3 4 5 1.5 1.5 5-10 Colorectal Cancer 4 3 5 2 1 5-11 Prostate Cancer 4 3 5 2 1 5-12 Pneumonia and influenza 3 2 4 5 1 5-13 Diabetes 2 4 3 5 1 5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) 1 3 4 5 2 5-15 HIV Infection 2 4 5 3 1 5-16 Septicemia 2 3 4 5 1 5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 5 3 4 2 1 5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome & Nephrosis 2 3 4 5 1 5-19 Alcoholism 3 4 2 5 1 5-20 Total mortality from all causes 3 2 4 5 1 SUM OF RANKS 68.0 58.0 87.0 64.5 22.5 AVERAGE RANK 3.4 2.9 4.4 3.2 1.1 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 111 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 6-1 Unintentional injuries 2 4 3 5 1 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 1 4 3 5 2 6-3 Fall-related injuries 3.5 3.5 2 5 1 6-4 Drowning mortality 3 2 4 5 1 6-5 Firearm-related deaths 3 4 5 2 1 6-6 Drug-related deaths 4 3 5 2 1 6-7 Suicide 4 2.5 2.5 5 1 6-8 Homicide 1 3 5 4 2 SUM OF RANKS 21.5 26.5 29.5 33.0 10.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.7 3.3 3.7 4.1 1.3 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 2 3 4 5 1 7-2 Mortality of adolescents and young adults 15-24 years old 2 3 4 5 1 7-3 Mortality among adults 25-64 years old 3 2 4 5 1 SUM OF RANKS 7.0 8.0 12.0 15.0 3.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.3 2.7 4.0 5.0 1.0 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 8-1 Average age at death from all causes 1 4 3 5 2 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males 1 4 3 5 2 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females 1 4 3 5 2 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached 1 4 3 5 2 SUM OF RANKS 4.0 16.0 12.0 20.0 8.0 AVERAGE RANK 1.0 4.0 3.0 5.0 2.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 112 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES Figure number INDICATOR White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 2 4 5 3 1 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 2 4 5 3 1 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 2 3 4 5 1 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 2 3 5 4 1 9-5 Incidence of AIDS 2 4 5 3 1 SUM OF RANKS 10.0 18.0 24.0 18.0 5.0 AVERAGE RANK 2.0 3.6 4.8 3.6 1.0 OVERALL HEALTH STATUS (ALL 67 INDICATORS) White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander SUM OF ALL RANKS FOR 67 MEASUREMENTS 176.0 204.0 274.0 251.5 101.0 AVERAGE RANK BASED ON 67 MEASUREMENTS 2.6 3.0 4.1 3.8 1.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 113 COMPARATIVE RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1995, 1997 AND 1999 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 115 COMPARATIVE RATES AND RATIOS FOR 1995, 1997 AND 1999 1. TEEN PREGNANCIES (Number of pregnancies per 1,000 females in specified age group) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 36.1 21.0 66.1 40.8 33.1 16.3 1997 38.0 24.6 67.9 41.7 34.4 15.8 1-1 Pregnancies among females 19 and younger 1995 49.7 38.9 67.3 75.9 54.7 1999 0.9 0.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 0.5 1997 1.0 0.5 1.9 1.1 0.8 0.8 1-2 Pregnancies among females 14 and younger 1995 2.2 0.9 3.7 3.1 1.9 0.6 1999 40.2 20.4 80.4 47.7 39.5 11.2 1997 44.6 25.2 86.3 49.8 45.9 17.8 1-3 Pregnancies among females 15-17 years old 1995 61.1 34.8 101.5 59.4 54.9 19.0 1999 122.7 74.6 215.5 141.4 124.5 67.9 1997 128.4 86.3 218.9 146.2 125.1 56.6 1-4 Pregnancies among females 18-19 years old 1995 129.5 104.1 214.0 149.1 148.6 68.0 2. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH CHARACTERISTICS (All ratios are per 100 live births) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 38.8 24.8 50.3 64.0 69.2 18.1 1997 37.7 24.7 48.3 64.8 68.4 18.5 2-1 Unmarried mothers 1995 38.2 25.7 50.0 63.4 67.5 19.8 1999 7.3 11.7 2.5 10.4 3.5 2.9 1997 8.5 13.2 3.1 11.6 4.2 2.9 2-2 Tobacco use 1995 11.4 16.8 4.5 15.5 4.9 4.6 1999 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.7 3.0 0.5 1997 1.3 1.4 0.7 2.1 3.3 0.2 2-3 Alcohol use 1995 1.9 2.2 1.1 3.4 3.8 0.4 1999 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.9 0.2 1997 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.2 0.4 2-4 Chronic hypertension 1995 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.3 0.2 1999 0.9 1.0 0.6 1.1 1.5 1.3 1997 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.8 1.2 0.4 2-5 Dysfunctional labor 1995 1.3 1.5 0.8 1.3 2.3 2.1 1999 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.7 5.1 1.4 1997 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.7 4.4 1.4 2-6 Anemia during pregnancy 1995 1.6 1.3 1.4 2.2 4.1 0.9 1999 2.2 1.7 1.9 1.9 6.6 3.6 1997 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.8 7.5 1.9 2-7 Diabetes during pregnancy 1995 2.5 2.0 2.5 1.8 6.5 3.1 1999 2.8 3.4 1.8 2.7 5.6 2.3 1997 2.6 2.8 1.8 2.7 5.3 1.6 2-8 Pregnancy-associated hypertension 1995 2.4 2.5 1.9 1.5 4.8 1.3 1999 0.7 1.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 1997 0.6 1.0 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4 2-9 Genital herpes during pregnancy 1995 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.8 0.4 1999 19.2 16.5 20.4 22.3 29.3 17.4 1997 18.8 15.1 22.1 22.1 27.0 15.2 2-10 Weight gain of less than 21 pounds 1995 16.8 13.8 19.0 21.1 27.1 16.0 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 116 3. UTILIZATION OF PRENATAL CARE SERVICES (Per 100 live births) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 74.1 84.7 62.7 71.1 64.1 81.5 1997 74.4 84.3 63.9 69.4 60.0 81.6 3-1 Early prenatal care 1995 70.7 80.0 59.2 67.0 57.0 77.4 1999 88.4 93.3 83.4 83.3 84.5 92.6 1997 91.6 95.6 87.8 87.7 84.5 95.6 3-2 Five or more prenatal visits 1995 87.3 91.1 82.9 80.7 83.3 89.3 1999 2.2 0.8 3.9 1.9 2.4 0.9 1997 1.8 0.7 3.0 3.0 2.4 0.6 3-3 No prenatal care 1995 1.6 0.8 2.7 1.8 2.6 0.8 4. NEWBORN'S HEALTH (Infant, neonatal and postneonatal rates are per 1,000 live births. All other indicators are expressed per 100 live births). Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 0.5 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 1997 0.6 0.9 0.3 0.5 0.3 1.2 4-1 Hyaline membrane disease 1995 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1999 6.6 6.6 6.9 9.3 4.8 5.5 1997 6.6 6.4 6.8 10.7 4.5 6.2 4-2 Newborn intensive care 1995 5.7 5.3 6.3 9.9 4.0 5.3 1999 7.0 6.7 6.9 12.0 7.6 8.2 1997 6.9 6.7 6.6 13.6 6.6 7.6 4-3 Low birthweight 1995 6.8 6.7 6.6 13.3 6.2 6.3 1999 1.2 1.2 1.2 2.5 1.4 1.0 1997 1.2 1.2 1.1 2.6 1.1 1.0 4-4 Very low birthweight 1995 1.2 1.1 1.2 2.6 0.9 1.1 1999 1.3 1.3 0.9 1.2 2.9 1.0 1997 1.5 1.4 1.4 2.2 2.5 1.5 4-5 Congenital anomalies 1995 1.7 1.5 1.9 2.0 2.8 1.9 1999 6.8 5.7 7.2 13.8 8.5 2.2 1997 7.2 6.7 7.3 10.4 8.4 3.9 4-6 Infant mortality 1995 7.6 7.8 6.6 12.8 9.7 2.2 1999 0.5 0.3 0.4 1.3 0.9 .0 1997 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.9 1.2 0.6 4-7 Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) 1995 1.0 1.1 0.5 3.7 2.0 0.7 1999 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.6 .0 .0 1997 0.7 0.5 0.7 2.0 0.8 0.6 4-8 Mortality of infants from low birthweight/short gestation 1995 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.3 0.6 0.1 1999 4.5 4.2 4.6 8.2 5.0 1.3 1997 4.5 4.1 5.0 6.9 3.4 3.2 4-9 Neonatal mortality 1995 4.8 5.1 4.7 6.7 3.8 1.5 1999 2.3 1.5 2.6 5.6 3.5 0.9 1997 2.7 2.6 2.3 3.5 5.0 0.7 4-10 Postneonatal mortality 1995 2.8 2.7 1.9 6.1 6.0 0.7 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 117 5. MORTALITY FROM NATURAL CAUSES (chronic or infectious diseases) (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 161.4 164.0 131.8 192.3 152.7 65.7 1997 166.9 179.2 149.8 201.3 162.5 73.3 5-1 Cardiovascular Diseases 1995 180.2 188.1 169.1 236.7 166.4 100.0 1999 120.9 123.8 94.7 142.4 114.8 37.6 1997 126.6 136.6 108.3 155.8 126.5 52.8 5-2 Diseases of the Heart 1995 150.1 152.3 125.8 217.8 129.3 79.6 1999 97.6 101.7 72.2 107.6 77.0 27.9 1997 102.2 112.2 81.0 105.2 88.2 41.9 5-3 Coronary Heart Disease 1995 111.0 120.7 103.1 133.0 79.0 54.1 1999 25.9 25.5 24.7 31.1 24.1 16.2 1997 29.2 30.8 31.3 34.0 25.1 14.1 5-4 Cerebrovascular Disease 1995 28.0 27.7 25.3 41.3 29.7 26.0 1999 27.8 30.5 10.2 21.9 11.4 7.1 1997 28.9 33.7 11.5 24.5 11.1 9.3 5-5 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 1995 26.1 28.9 11.7 24.3 10.7 9.7 1999 113.1 118.4 82.6 122.3 78.1 53.3 1997 116.5 127.3 89.1 140.9 88.2 49.5 5-6 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer) 1995 126.3 131.1 100.0 164.3 81.8 89.5 1999 32.3 36.0 14.2 25.9 8.0 11.5 1997 32.2 36.9 14.9 44.7 8.5 12.2 5-7 Lung Cancer 1995 34.1 37.7 18.2 49.6 11.0 18.1 1999 17.1 18.3 10.7 24.8 8.4 8.0 1997 19.3 21.0 16.0 26.8 6.4 1.7 5-8 Breast Cancer 1995 17.2 18.2 13.2 21.4 7.3 23.5 1999 1.7 1.6 2.3 3.1 .0 .0 1997 1.7 1.6 2.4 2.4 4.1 .0 5-9 Cervical Cancer 1995 2.4 2.2 3.7 2.7 4.1 2.4 1999 10.0 10.3 8.2 14.9 4.4 1.9 1997 10.7 11.7 7.7 14.0 5.6 7.0 5-10 Colorectal Cancer 1995 11.5 12.3 7.8 15.9 8.7 9.2 1999 11.7 12.1 8.4 15.3 6.0 4.8 1997 14.2 16.0 10.8 28.6 5.4 6.6 5-11 Prostate Cancer 1995 17.5 17.6 17.5 27.5 15.7 7.9 1999 19.7 19.4 15.0 20.0 35.4 8.4 1997 16.1 16.6 15.4 20.6 36.4 1.4 5-12 Pneumonia and influenza 1995 17.2 16.5 15.4 22.0 40.5 10.5 1999 13.5 10.1 26.1 23.1 63.7 7.0 1997 13.1 10.1 26.0 27.8 62.1 14.5 5-13 Diabetes 1995 10.9 8.5 20.6 23.0 48.1 7.6 1999 8.2 6.9 10.6 11.4 23.6 7.9 1997 8.8 8.0 10.3 18.8 27.0 6.1 5-14 Infectious & Parasitic Diseases (excluding HIV Infection) 1995 6.0 4.9 7.7 12.2 23.3 4.9 1999 2.9 2.4 4.0 8.1 3.6 1.0 1997 4.2 3.9 4.7 16.3 4.2 0.9 5-15 HIV Infection 1995 8.6 9.1 6.8 17.7 3.1 1.8 1999 4.3 3.6 5.9 6.6 16.9 1.9 1997 4.5 4.2 5.5 11.9 14.7 0.0 5-16 Septicemia 1995 4.1 3.1 5.3 6.5 17.4 4.9 1999 5.5 5.8 3.7 5.0 1.4 1.0 1997 4.8 5.5 3.7 3.4 0.6 0.0 5-17 Alzheimer's Disease 1995 4.1 5.0 2.7 2.3 1.8 0.0 1999 5.0 4.3 6.7 12.1 14.9 3.1 1997 4.1 4.1 5.5 7.0 8.3 1.4 5-18 Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephrosis 1995 4.2 3.8 5.4 10.5 11.1 0.0 1999 6.9 5.7 6.4 3.6 40.5 1.0 1997 7.9 6.9 8.0 6.1 33.8 0.0 5-19 Alcoholism 1995 8.9 6.6 10.4 9.0 49.7 1.2 1999 507.1 492.2 447.1 586.1 747.2 210.2 1997 518.1 533.1 470.6 651.1 766.0 224.9 5-20 Total mortality from all causes 1995 546.1 537.2 478.8 767.3 755.3 323.5 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 118 6. MORTALITY FROM INJURIES (Number of deaths per 100,000 population age-adjusted to 1940 standard) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 39.8 32.1 44.5 35.2 121.5 20.0 1997 41.5 36.8 40.3 44.4 146.0 16.5 6-1 Unintentional Injuries 1995 41.4 36.1 39.8 42.5 136.8 22.1 1999 19.7 13.8 25.1 17.1 71.5 14.3 1997 21.0 17.2 21.9 21.2 84.3 9.1 6-2 Motor vehicle-related injuries 1995 23.7 20.1 23.4 19.7 83.3 14.6 1999 4.8 4.4 4.4 2.6 9.7 1.9 1997 4.7 4.8 4.7 2.5 10.3 1.4 6-3 Fall-related injuries 1995 3.5 3.4 3.6 0.8 9.7 1.4 1999 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 5.3 0.0 1997 2.0 1.8 1.3 3.7 7.0 0.0 6-4 Drowning mortality 1995 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.4 3.1 2.3 1999 16.9 14.8 22.6 29.0 13.2 6.6 1997 19.6 17.9 24.5 37.9 17.9 7.7 6-5 Firearm-related deaths* 1995 24.1 22.0 28.9 43.2 16.4 6.2 1999 11.0 11.6 9.3 16.5 9.1 2.8 1997 8.8 9.4 6.9 14.5 8.8 2.2 6-6 Drug-related deaths* 1995** 6.5 6.9 5.6 9.1 5.1 1.5 1999 14.6 15.1 10.6 10.6 18.2 6.4 1997 16.9 19.2 9.8 12.4 21.3 13.1 6-7 Suicide 1995 18.2 19.6 10.6 12.4 20.8 6.3 1999 10.0 4.8 18.6 25.5 21.9 4.9 1997 11.1 5.4 20.2 29.9 20.2 5.1 6-8 Homicide 1995 10.2 6.5 15.3 35.9 22.4 5.1 * Crude death rates (number of deaths per 100,000 population in specified group). ** Average annual rates for 1985-1995. 7. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY (Number of deaths per 100,000 persons in specified group) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 24.1 17.4 26.9 36.6 50.1 8.8 1997 33.1 27.5 36.3 40.4 39.2 23.7 7-1 Mortality of children 1-14 years old 1995 35.9 34.2 32.0 60.9 72.2 54.9 1999 96.0 66.6 123.8 150.3 195.9 56.2 1997 115.3 91.1 129.5 170.7 243.9 49.0 7-2 Mortality of adolescents and young adults 15-24 years old 1995 139.4 103.7 116.7 167.3 257.1 45.4 1999 375.6 373.3 318.9 429.7 666.8 306.3 1997 379.7 394.9 298.3 470.0 714.9 126.5 7-3 Mortality among adults 25-64 years old 1995 420.0 405.0 310.5 547.0 660.4 153.9 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 119 8. PREMATURE MORTALITY Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 71.7 74.1 59.2 60.5 55.7 63.9 1997 71.0 73.1 61.3 61.9 55.4 64.2 8-1 Average age at death from all causes 1995 68.5 71.0 57.4 67.4 52.2 63.8 1999 68.8 71.5 56.2 57.8 51.8 62.3 1997 67.5 70.1 57.2 57.6 51.2 61.4 8-2 Average age at death from all causes among males 1995 65.2 68.2 53.1 53.7 48.2 63.1 1999 74.9 77.0 63.3 63.9 60.6 65.5 1997 74.9 76.3 67.4 67.7 61.4 68.0 8-3 Average age at death from all causes among females 1995 72.4 74.2 63.6 62.9 57.8 64.6 1999 51.8 47.4 71.7 70.7 76.9 67.0 1997 53.6 49.9 69.6 71.2 79.9 68.5 8-4 Percent of total deaths before expected years of life reached 1995 54.0 50.2 70.5 72.0 78.6 65.1 9. REPORTABLE DISEASES (Number of cases per 100,000 persons in specified group) Figure number Indicator Year ALL ARIZONA RESIDENTS White non- Hispanic Hispanic Black or African American American Indian Asian or Pacific Islander 1999 10.2 3.9 21.1 61.9 9.1 2.8 1997 7.2 2.3 13.4 73.4 2.8 1.1 9-1 Incidence of early syphilis 1995 3.8 0.8 10.6 45.1 2.9 3.6 1999 86.8 32.5 154.2 512.5 81.5 10.4 1997 82.6 30.0 125.6 639.9 55.8 18.7 9-2 Incidence of gonorrhea 1995 91.8 39.5 164.4 992.8 91.7 25.5 1999 241.0 88.5 408.9 635.2 643.7 70.8 1997 234.2 85.5 388.5 523.5 635.5 76.9 9-3 Incidence of chlamydia 1995 240.3 98.7 476.2 870.3 708.3 83.6 1999 19.7 12.8 19.2 41.5 24.5 2.8 1997 29.9 18.9 25.6 67.7 29.5 8.8 9-4 Incidence of genital herpes 1995 51.2 31.6 49.4 119.8 31.9 23.6 1999 6.8 5.3 8.9 25.6 8.3 .0 1997 6.7 5.6 9.8 18.9 4.0 1.1 9-5 Incidence of AIDS 1995 11.3 12.2 8.6 24.8 3.0 3.3 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 121 DATA SOURCES AND DEFINITIONS DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 123 SOURCES OF DATA Information on births and deaths is compiled from the original documents (i.e., certificates of live births and certificates of death) filed with the Arizona Department of Health Services. Information on induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions) performed on Arizona women is compiled from reports sent to the Arizona Department of Health Services by facilities within but not outside the state. Pregnancies are the sum of live births, spontaneous terminations of pregnancy (fetal deaths or still births) and induced terminations of pregnancy (abortions). Data on morbidity, levels of disease and disability in the population, are obtained for certain infectious diseases that must be reported by law. The ADHS Epidemiology and Disease Control Services conducts surveillance and monitoring of these reportable diseases and provided data for section 9 in this report. In order to obtain population denominators by ethnic group, used to calculate rates for 1999, the 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity for Arizona from the U.S. Bureau of the Census (Detailed State Projection Data Files: 1995 to 2025, available on the Web at http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/stproj.html ) were applied to official population estimates prepared by the Population Statistics Unit of the Arizona Department of Economic Security. Almost all figures are based on rates and ratios published in the 1999 Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics annual report. DEFINITIONS Terms Related to Reproductive Health ABORTION RATE - NUMBER OF REPORTED ABORTIONS TO FEMALES OF ALL AGES DURING A CALENDAR YEAR PER 1,000 FEMALES OF CHILDBEARING AGE (15-44 YEARS). ABORTION RATIO - NUMBER OF ABORTIONS REPORTED DURING A PERIOD PER 1,000 LIVE BIRTHS OCCURRING DURING THE SAME PERIOD. BIRTH OR LIVE BIRTH - THE COMPLETE EXPULSION OR EXTRACTION FROM ITS MOTHER OF A PRODUCT OF HUMAN CONCEPTION, IRRESPECTIVE OF THE DURATION OF PREGNANCY WHICH, AFTER SUCH EXPULSION OR EXTRACTION, BREATHS OR SHOWS ANY OTHER EVIDENCE OF LIFE SUCH AS BEATING OF THE HEART, PULSATION OF THE UMBILICAL CORD OR DEFINITE MOVEMENT OF VOLUNTARY MUSCLES, WHETHER OR NOT THE UMBILICAL CORD HAS BEEN CUT OR THE PLACENTA IS ATTACHED. BIRTH WEIGHT - THE WEIGHT OF A NEONATE DETERMINED IMMEDIATELY AFTER DELIVERY OR AS SOON THEREAFTER AS POSSIBLE. INFANT DEATH - ANY DEATH AT ANY TIME FROM BIRTH UP TO, BUT NOT INCLUDING, THE FIRST YEAR OF AGE (364 DAYS, 23 HOURS, 59 MINUTES FROM THE MOMENT OF BIRTH). LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT - PRIOR TO 1990: ANY NEONATE WHOSE WEIGHT AT BIRTH IS 2,500 GRAMS OR LESS. BEGINNING IN 1990: ANY NEONATE WEIGHING LESS THAN 2,500 GRAMS AT BIRTH (LESS THAN 5 POUNDS 8 OUNCES). NEONATAL DEATH - DEATH OF A LIVEBORN NEONATE BEFORE THE NEONATE BECOMES 28 DAYS OLD (UP TO AND INCLUDING 27 DAYS, 23 HOURS, 59 MINUTES FROM THE MOMENT OF BIRTH). DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 124 POSTNEONATAL DEATH - ANY DEATH OF A LIVEBORN INFANT AT LEAST 28 DAYS OF AGE BUT UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE. VERY LOW-BIRTHWEIGHT - ANY NEONATE WHOSE WEIGHT AT BIRTH IS 1,500 GRAMS OR LESS (LESS THAN 3 POUNDS 5 OUNCES). TERMS RELATED TO MORTALITY AGE-ADJUSTED MORTALITY RATES - BECAUSE MORTALITY FROM MOST CAUSES OF DEATH OCCURS PREDOMINATELY AMONG THE ELDERLY, A POPULATION GROUP WITH A LARGER PROPORTION OF OLDER PERSONS WOULD HAVE A HIGHER MORTALITY RATE. THE "AGE-ADJUSTMENT" REMOVES THE EFFECT OF THE AGE DIFFERENCES AMONG SUB-POPULATIONS BY PLACING THEM ALL IN A POPULATION WITH A STANDARD AGE DISTRIBUTION. AGE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY - NUMBER OF DEATHS IN A SPECIFIC AGE GROUP DURING A CALENDAR YEAR. CAUSE OF DEATH - FOR THE PURPOSE OF NATIONAL MORTALITY STATISTICS, EVERY DEATH IS ATTRIBUTED TO ONE UNDERLYING CONDITION, BASED ON INFORMATION REPORTED ON THE DEATH CERTIFICATE AND UTILIZING THE INTERNATIONAL RULES FOR SELECTING THE UNDERLYING CAUSE OF DEATH FROM THE REPORTED CONDITIONS. CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY - NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM A SPECIFIED CAUSE DURING A CALENDAR YEAR. CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSE OF DEATH - THE CAUSE OF DEATH USED IN THIS REPORT IS THE UNDERLYING CAUSE CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES, INJURIES AND CAUSES OF DEATH. LISTED BELOW ARE CATEGORIES AND INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF DISEASES (ICD) CODES FOR SELECTED CAUSES OF MORTALITY PRESENTED IN THIS REPORT. ALCOHOLISM: 291, 303, 571.0-571.3 ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: 331.0 BREAST CANCER IN WOMEN: 174 CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: 390-448 CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE (STROKE): 430-438 CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD): 490-496 CIRRHOSIS: 571 COLORECTAL CANCER: 153.0-154.3, 154.8, 159.0 CORONARY HEART DISEASE: 410-414, 402, 429.2 DIABETES MELLITUS: 250 DISEASE OF HEART: 390-398, 402, 404-429 DROWNING: E830, E832, E910 DRUG-RELATED DEATHS: 292, 304, 305.2-305.9, E850-E858, E950.0-E950.5, E962.0, 980.0- E980.5 FALL-RELATED DEATHS: E880-E888 FIREARM-RELATED DEATHS: E922.0-E922.3, E922.8-E922.9, E955.0-E955.4, E965.0-E965.4, E970, E985.0-E985.4 HIV INFECTION: 042-044 HOMICIDE AND LEGAL INTERVENTION: E960-E978 INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES: 001-139 INJURIES NOT RELATED TO MOTOR VEHICLES: E800-E807, E826-E949; INJURIES, UNINTENTIONAL: E800-E949 MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS (CANCERS): 140-208 MOTOR VEHICLE-RELATED INJURIES: E810-E825 NEPHRITIS, NEPHROTIC SYNDROME AND NEPHROSIS: 580-589 PNEUMONIA & INFLUENZA: 480-487 SEPTICEMIA: 038 SUICIDE : E950-E959 DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 125 Medical Terms Used on the Birth Certificate MEDICAL RISK FACTORS FOR THIS PREGNANCY ANEMIA - HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF LESS THAN 10.0 G/DL DURING PREGNANCY OR HEMATOCRIT OF LESS THAN 30 PERCENT DURING PREGNANCY. CARDIAC DISEASE - DISEASE OF THE HEART. ACUTE OR CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE - DISEASE OF THE LUNGS DURING PREGNANCY. DIABETES - METABOLIC DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE DISCHARGE OF URINE AND PERSISTENT THIRST; INCLUDES JUVENILE ONSET, ADULT ONSET AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES DURING PREGNANCY. GENITAL HERPES - INFECTION OF THE SKIN OF THE GENITAL AREA BY HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS. HYDRAMNIOS/OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS - ANY NOTICEABLE EXCESS (HYDRAMNIOS) OR LACK (OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS) OF AMNIOTIC FLUID. HEMOGLOBINOPATHY - A BLOOD DISORDER CAUSED BY ALTERATION IN THE GENETICALLY DETERMINED MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF HEMOGLOBIN (FOR EXAMPLE, SICKLE CELL ANEMIA). HYPERTENSION, CHRONIC - BLOOD PRESSURE PERSISTENTLY GREATER THAN 140/90, DIAGNOSED PRIOR TO ONSET OF PREGNANCY OR BEFORE THE 20TH WEEK OF GESTATION. HYPERTENSION, PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED - AN INCREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE OF AT LEAST 30 MM HG SYSTOLIC OR 15 MM HG DIASTOLIC ON TWO MEASUREMENTS TAKEN 6 HOURS APART AFTER THE 20TH WEEK OF GESTATION. ECLAMPSIA - THE OCCURRENCE OF CONVULSIONS AND/OR COMA UNRELATED TO OTHER CEREBRAL CONDITIONS IN WOMEN WITH SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PREECLAMPSIA. INCOMPETENT CERVIX - CHARACTERIZED BY PAINLESS DILATION OF THE CERVIX IN THE SECOND TRIMESTER OR EARLY IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY, WITH PREMATURE EXPULSION OF MEMBRANES THOUGH CERVIX AND BALLOONING OF THE MEMBRANES INTO VAGINA, FOLLOWED BY RUPTURE OF THE MEMBRANE AND SUBSEQUENT EXPULSION OF THE FETUS. PREVIOUS INFANT 4,000+ GRAMS - THE BIRTHWEIGHT OF A PREVIOUS LIVE-BORN CHILD WAS OVER 4,000 GRAMS (8LBS.14OZ.). PREVIOUS PRETERM OR SMALL-FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE-INFANT - PREVIOUS BIRTH OF AN INFANT PRIOR TO TERM (BEFORE 37 COMPLETED WEEKS OF GESTATION) OR OF AN INFANT WEIGHING LESS THAN THE 10TH PERCENTILE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE USING A STANDARD WEIGHT FOR AGE CHART. RENAL DISEASE - KIDNEY DISEASE. RH SENSITIZATION - THE PROCESS OR STATE OF BECOMING SENSITIZED TO THE RH FACTOR AS WHEN AN RH-NEGATIVE WOMAN IS PREGNANT WITH AN RH-POSITIVE FETUS. UTERINE BLEEDING - ANY CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT BLEEDING DURING THE PREGNANCY TAKING INTO CONSIDERATION THE STAGE OF PREGNANCY; ANY SECOND OR THIRD TRIMESTER BLEEDING OR THIRD TRIMESTER BLEEDING OF THE UTERUS PRIOR TO THE ONSET OF LABOR. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 126 COMPLICATIONS OF LABOR AND/OR DELIVERY FEBRILE - A FEVER GREATER THAN 100 DEGREES F. OR 38 DEGREES C. OCCURRING DURING LABOR AND/OR DELIVERY. MECONIUM, MODERATE/HEAVY - MECONIUM CONSISTS OF UNDIGESTED DEBRIS FROM SWALLOWED AMNIOTIC FLUID, VARIOUS PRODUCTS OF SECRETION AND SHEDDING BY THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, MODERATE TO HEAVY AMOUNTS OF MECONIUM IN THE AMNIOTIC FLUID NOTED DURING LABOR AND/OR DELIVERY. MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME - ASPIRATION OF MECONIUM BY THE FETUS OR NEWBORN, AFFECTING THE LOWER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. ASSISTED VENTILATION (LESS THAN 30 MINUTES) - A MECHANICAL METHOD OF ASSISTING RESPIRATION FOR NEWBORNS WITH RESPIRATORY FAILURE. PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (MORE THAN 12 HOURS) - RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES AT ANY TIME DURING PREGNANCY AND MORE THAN 12 HOURS BEFORE THE ONSET OF LABOR. ABRUPTIO PLACENTA - PREMATURE SEPARATION OF NORMALLY IMPLANTED PLACENTA FROM THE UTERUS. PLACENTA PREVIA - IMPLANTATION OF THE PLACENTA OVER OR NEAR THE INTERNAL OPENING OF THE CERVIX. OTHER EXCESSIVE BLEEDING - THE LOSS OF SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF BLOOD FROM CONDITIONS OTHER THAN ABRUPTIO PLACENTA OR PLACENTA PREVIA. SEIZURES DURING LABOR - MATERNAL SEIZURES OCCURRING DURING LABOR FROM ANY CAUSE . ABNORMAL CONDITIONS OF THE NEWBORN ANEMIA - HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF LESS THAN 13.0 G/DL OR A HEMATOCRIT OF LESS THAN 39 PERCENT. BIRTH INJURY - IMPAIRMENT OF THE INFANT'S BODY FUNCTION OR STRUCTURE DUE TO ADVERSE INFLUENCES THAT OCCURRED AT BIRTH. FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME - A SYNDROME OF ALTERED PRENATAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OCCURRING IN INFANTS BORN OF WOMEN WHO CONSUMED EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS OF ALCOHOL DURING PREGNANCY. HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE/RDS - A DISORDER PRIMARILY OF PREMATURITY, MANIFESTED CLINICALLY BY RESPIRATORY DISTRESS AND PATHOLOGICALLY BY PULMONARY HYALINE MEMBRANES AND INCOMPLETE EXPANSION OF THE LUNGS AT BIRTH. ASSISTED VENTILATION (30 MINUTES OR MORE) - NEWBORN PLACED ON ASSISTED VENTILATION FOR 30 MINUTES OR LONGER. SEIZURES - A SEIZURE OF ANY ETIOLOGY. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 127 POPULATION DENOMINATORS POPULATION BY ETHNIC GROUP, ARIZONA RESIDENTS, 1980, 1990 AND 1999 (Numbers rounded to nearest thousand) Ethnic group 1980 1990 1997 % of total population in 1999 American Indian 154.0 203.0 265.2 5.4% Asian 25.0 55.0 105.5 2.1% Black 74.0 110.0 176.1 3.6% Hispanic 444.0 688.0 1,060.2 21.5% Non-Hispanic white 2,021.0 2,608.0 3,317.3 67.4% TOTAL 2,718.0 3,665.0 4,924.3 100.0% Note: Data for 1980 and 1990 are the census counts. In order to obtain population denominators by ethnic group, used to calculate rates for 1999, the 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity for Arizona from the U.S. Bureau of the Census (Detailed State Projection Data Files: 1995 to 2025, available on the Web at http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/stproj.html ) were applied to official population estimates prepared by the Population Statistics Unit of the Arizona Department of Economic Security. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 129 ESTIMATED POPULATION BY AGE GROUP, GENDER AND RACE/ETHNICITY, ARIZONA, 1999 39,260 153,949 404,166 393,674 447,460 521,438 444,958 318,471 593,920 3,317,297 20,131 79,670 218,156 214,651 232,904 257,423 217,629 151,806 265,903 1,658,274 19,129 74,279 186,010 179,023 214,556 264,015 227,329 166,665 328,017 1,659,023 25,154 91,961 219,993 186,577 182,878 148,296 92,660 51,621 61,058 1,060,197 12,833 46,854 112,176 94,465 93,760 75,342 45,721 24,230 26,287 531,668 12,320 45,106 107,817 92,112 89,118 72,954 46,939 27,391 34,771 528,529 3,388 12,539 31,195 28,604 30,341 29,416 18,050 10,356 12,239 176,128 1,719 6,376 15,992 14,562 15,831 15,595 9,343 5,006 5,355 89,779 1,668 6,163 15,203 14,043 14,510 13,822 8,706 5,350 6,885 86,349 6,501 23,681 62,192 47,977 42,510 34,237 21,579 12,310 14,208 265,195 3,256 11,942 31,016 23,883 20,924 16,503 9,944 5,459 5,753 128,679 3,245 11,739 31,176 24,094 21,586 17,735 11,635 6,851 8,455 136,516 1,710 6,493 16,346 16,020 21,072 17,848 12,040 6,868 7,137 105,533 863 3,296 8,392 7,960 10,241 8,380 5,156 2,908 2,857 50,053 847 3,197 7,955 8,059 10,831 9,467 6,884 3,960 4,280 55,480 76,012 288,622 733,892 672,852 724,261 751,236 589,287 399,626 688,562 4,924,350 38,802 148,138 385,732 355,521 373,660 373,243 287,793 189,409 306,155 2,458,453 37,210 140,484 348,160 317,331 350,601 377,993 301,494 210,217 382,407 2,465,897 WHITE NON-HISPANIC ---Male ---Female HISPANIC ---Male ---Female BLACK ---Male ---Female AMERICAN INDIAN ---Male ---Female ASIAN ---Male ---Female ALL GROUPS ---Male ---Female <1 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ Age group Total Note: The 1999 percentages of population breakdowns by race/ethnicity and single year of age from the U.S. Bureau of the Census were applied to official population estimates prepared by DES Population Statistics Unit and released on 8/12/1999. DIFFERENCES IN THE HEALTH STATUS AMONG ETHNIC GROUPS, ARIZONA, 1999 130 Our Web site at http://www.hs.state.az.us/plan/ohpes.htm provides instantaneous access to a wide range of statistical information about health status and use of health care in Arizona. The Arizona Health Status and Vital Statistics annual report examines trends in natality, mortality and morbidity towards established health objectives. Additional data can be found in the special reports and studies focused on differences in the health status by ethnic group, suicide mortality, unintentional injury mortality among children and adolescents, firearm-related fatalities, unintentional drowning deaths, drug-related mortality, teenage pregnancy and abortion practices in Arizona. The Monthly Vital Statistics Bulletin has the most up to date information on births, deaths, marriages and divorces. Office of Epidemiology and Statistics Bureau of Public Health Statistics Public Health Services ARIZONA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES

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