Share the road:a guide for bicyclists and motorists |
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This pocket guide illustrates how bicyclists and
motorists can “ Share the Road” legally and
safely within Arizona.
Please read through these safety tips to better
understand the other person’s view of the road
and to learn more about cycling and driving
more safely in our great State.
The more we understand each other’s needs,
the better we can respect and cooperate with
each other on the streets.
Tips for
Sharing the
Road
Legally
and Safely
This second edition of the bicyclist and mo-torist
pocket guide is brought to you by the
Arizona Department of Transportation Bicycle
and Pedestrian Program.
Adapted by the Arizona Department of Trans-portation
from the Pima County Bicycle and
Pedestrian Program Share the Road Guide,
Matthew Zoll, Program Manager. Copyright
2007. Design, illustration, and photography
by David Burnham, Pima County Graphic
Services.
Please refer to pages 38 through 49 for
a listing of relevant Arizona Revised Stat-utes
( A. R. S.) pertaining to the operation of
bicycles and motor vehicles.
4 B I C Y C L I S T S
Be polite and be smart. Show respect for all users of
the road, and you’ll get respect back as a result.
Bikes and Cars: Same roads, same rules, same rights
and responsibilities.
Show respect to others
B e visible
Wear light, bright, and ( for night) reflective clothing. At night use
a rear red reflector and white front headlight ( A. R. S. 28- 817). You
should also use a red taillight.
B I C Y C L I S T S 5
6 B I C Y C L I S T S
According to national studies,
85% of brain injuries can be pre-vented
by wearing a helmet.
Some Arizona cities and counties
require bicyclists under the age
of 18 to wear a helmet. Check
your local laws.
Protect yourself
Helmet and bicycle mirrors improve your overall awareness
and allow you to see following vehicles.
Watch for cars turning through gaps
Riding too fast past a line of stopped cars can get you clobbered.
When passing a line of vehicles SLOW DOWN AND BE ALERT, especially
near driveway entrances. Motorists often can’t see past the line of
vehicles and won’t know you’re there.
B I C Y C L I S T S 7
B e polite and
be smart
Use hand signals to show
your intentions and ride
in a predictable fashion
( A. R. S. 28- 756).
Remember, the laws are
there to make it safer for
everyone.
Turning
right
Turning
left
Slowing
down
OR
8 B I C Y C L I S T S
Watch ahead for hazardous railroad tracks. Look behind you to make
sure it’s safe, signal your intentions, then cross tracks at as close to
a right angle as possible ( A. R. S. 28- 815).
Cross tracks carefully
B I C Y C L I S T S 9
Ride on the right with the flow of traffic— NEVER ride against traffic
on the road, in a bike lane, or on a sidewalk. Drivers turning from
the side cannot see you and approaching drivers will not expect you
to be riding the wrong way ( A. R. S. 28- 815).
B e predictable
10 B I C Y C L I S T S
B I C Y C L I S T S 11
Cross
cattleguards
carefully
Cross cattleguards carefully and
be sure to watch for gaps parallel
to your direction of travel. These
can cause a serious crash. The
edge of the cattleguard may also
be higher or lower than the road
surface.
Be especially careful if the cattleguard is wet and is in a corner or
approaching a stop sign.
Watch out
for gaps!
Riding two abreast is permitted by law ( A. R. S. 28- 815), but under a
separate law ( A. R. S. 28- 704) bicyclists may not unnecessarily
slow motor vehicle traffic. You can help drivers pass on two- lane
roadways without bike lanes by riding single- file when safe to do
so ( stay at least 2 to 3 feet from the edge of the road). It’s always nice
to give a friendly wave when drivers pass and give you plenty
of clearance.
B e aware when riding two abreast
12 B I C Y C L I S T S 11
Riding in bus/ bike lanes
When using the bus/ bike lanes, ride near the center of the lane to
make yourself as visible as possible. When approaching an intersec-tion,
move to the left before proceeding through. Bus drivers are
required to pass cyclists outside of the bus/ bike lane.
B I C Y C L I S T S 13
14 B I C Y C L I S T S
1. Ride like a vehicle
Ride on the circulatory roadway as vehicles do. Obey the same
driving instructions as vehicles. When entering, yield to vehicles
in the roundabout. Wait for a gap in traffic and merge into round-about
traffic to the right. Watch out for vehicles crossing your path
to leave or join the roundabout. Be careful around large vehicles
because they need more space to maneuver the roundabout. Exit
the roundabout to your right.
2. Walk like a pedestrian
Before reaching the splitter island on the roundabout approach,
move to the sidewalk. Walk your bicycle on the sidewalk and use
pedestrian crossings to walk across the roadways. Look left before
crossing to the splitter island, and look right before crossing to the
opposite sidewalk.
Two ways to ride a modern roundabout
B I C Y C L I S T S 15
16 B I C Y C L I S T S
You may make a left turn like a vehicle by looking over your
shoulder, signaling, and moving into the left turn lane
when it’s safe. ( A. R. S. 28- 815)
You may make a left turn by going to the far side of the
intersection, turning your bike, and using the roadway.
You may make a left turn by going to the far side of the
intersection, turning your bike, and then using the
crosswalk.
Thre e legal ways to turn left
1
2
3
B I C Y C L I S T S 17
Use the full lane
when appropriate
Remember that you may use the full lane if the lane is not wide
enough for a car and bike to safely share ( A. R. S. 28- 815). Check behind
to make sure it’s safe, signal your intentions, and take the lane by
riding 1/ 3 to 1/ 2 of the way into the lane. When safe and possible,
move to the right to allow a following vehicle to pass.
18 B I C Y C L I S T S
Look for people in parked cars ahead of you and ride in a straight
line at least 5 feet away from the car. Someone may open the car
door in front of you unexpectedly. Be predictable: don’t weave in
and out between parked cars.
B e careful when riding by parked cars
B I C Y C L I S T S 19
On a shared use pathway always slow down when approaching
pedestrians, give a verbal greeting you’re about to pass, and provide
at least 5 feet passing distance. Remember! The pedestrian you are
courteous to on the pathway may be the driver who treats you well
when you’re cycling on the roadway.
Respect pedestrians
5ft.
Bicycle bells are a polite
way to alert people to your
presence.
20 B I C Y C L I S T S
Even with eye contact the person may not really see you or realize
the speed you are going, so be prepared!
B e a defensive bike ‘ driver’
Be aware of your
surroundings, and
especially turning
and side traffic.
Make eye contact
with drivers and be
sure to get their at-tention.
B I C Y C L I S T S 21
Headphones and cell
phones cause distraction
and reduce your ability to
hear traffic, which could
cost you your life.
Don’t use headphones or
a cell phone when rid-ing
your bike-- you’re four
times more likely to be in
a crash!
Pay attention
22 B I C Y C L I S T S
When riding on narrow, two- lane roads,
always be on the lookout for oncoming cars
attempting to pass.
Watch for oncoming cars
Ride in a highly visible position in the roadway, not too close to the
edge, and alert the motorists to your presence by waving your left
arm. Be ready to exit the roadway even if the shoulder is rough.
Prepare for an emergency
exit off the roadway!
B I C Y C L I S T S 23
Cyclists have the same legal right to use the road as motorists. Same
roads, same rules, same rights and responsibilities. Cyclists can
legally ride two abreast on the roadway ( A. R. S. 28- 815) as long as
they do not unnecessarily slow traffic ( A. R. S. 28- 704). In several cir-cumstances,
cyclists can use the entire travel lane. 28- 815).
B e aware of bikes
24 M O T O R I S T S
Yield to bikes when turning
through gaps
A situation when a motorist allows another car to make a left turn
through a line of cars can be hazardous to cyclists. Make your turn
with extreme caution and yield to bicyclists.
M O T O R I S T S 25
When changing lanes, turning left or right, or pulling out from a
driveway, be aware of cyclists and YIELD to them just as you would
with motorists. If in doubt, slow down and turn behind them. Cyclists
may be travelling faster than you expect, so exercise due caution
before making your turn.
Be watcful at intersections & driveways
26 M O T O R I S T S
Do not drive or park in bike lanes or on paved shoulders. When turning
right, wait and allow the cyclist to go through the intersection first.
Be predictable and always signal your intentions. Be careful not to
turn in front of cyclists ( A. R. S. 28- 815).
Bike lanes are for bikes
M O T O R I S T S 27
DO NOT use your horn when following a cyclist. A sudden loud blast
from a horn may startle the cyclist and cause him or her to
swerve into traffic. The driver can be cited for causing a crash.
Horns don’t help
28 M O T O R I S T S
Safe passing is the law
5 ft.
recommended
3 ft.
minimum
Unsafe passing can
result in a fine of
up to $ 1,000!
The law requires that you give AT LEAST 3 FEET of clearance when
you pass ( A. R. S. 28- 735). Slow down and don’t pass a cyclist until
safe to do so. When possible, please give 5 feet of clearance when
you pass.
M O T O R I S T S 29
Trucks and utility vehicles
ne ed to allow five fe et
when passing
Trucks, especially when pulling trailers, need to provide extra space
when passing cyclists. The mirrors, fenders and cargo on the truck
can extend out and be dangerous. Use extra caution and make sure
that your trailer is safely clear of the cyclist before moving back to
the right.
5 ft.
min.
30 M O T O R I S T S
Look before opening your door
Opening your car door in a crowded area can be disastrous to a cyclist
riding near parked cars. Drivers are legally required to make sure it’s
safe before opening a car door into the roadway.
M O T O R I S T S 31
Slow down and pass cyclists carefully ( A. R. S. 28- 735), especially at
railroad crossings and cattleguards, through construction zones,
and in poor weather conditions. Watch for cyclists signaling and
moving to the left briefly in order to safely cross railroad
tracks ( A. R. S. 28- 815)
Give extra room near hazards
32 M O T O R I S T S
Give a cyclist room to maneuver
Assume there is a good reason for a cyclist’s position in the road and
give him adequate room to maneuver. Cyclists may move further into
the lane to avoid hazards, to be more visible to drivers, or if the lane
is too narrow to safely share with a vehicle.
M O T O R I S T S 33
Pay attention to
the road, not to
your phone
According to national research,
you are four times more likely
to have an automobile crash
if you use a cell phone while
driving.
For everyone’s safety, pull over
to a safe location off the road
to use your cell phone.
34 M O T O R I S T S
Debris creates hazardous
conditions and forces cyclists
further into the travel lane.
When hauling trash or other
objects, properly secure your
loads.
Don’t Litter! It’s illegal and
debris in the bike lanes is
dangerous.
Help ke ep trash
out of the bike lanes
M O T O R I S T S 35
Give extra room when passing
If you are driving a large vehicle such as a truck, RV, or bus, the
wind pushed out from the side can cause a cyclist to crash. Slow
down and whenever possible give a full lane width of clearance.
( A. R. S. 28- 723, A. R. S. 28- 735).
Unsafe passing
can result in a fine
of up to $ 1,000!
12 ft. recommended 5 ft. min.
passing distance
36 M O T O R I S T S
When attempting to pass vehicles on a narrow
two- lane road, watch out for bikes coming in
the opposite direction!
Watch for bikes when trying to pass
on two- lane roads
Yield to cyclists as you would to oncoming vehicles and do not pass
if it’s unsafe. Always expect that bicyclists may be on the roadway,
even in rural areas.
DO NOT
PASS!
M O T O R I S T S 37
28- 704. Minimum speed limits; requirement
to turn off roadway
A. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at such a slow
speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable
movement of traffic except when reduced speed is neces-sary
for safe operation or in compliance with law.
B. If the director or local authorities within their respective
jurisdictions determine on the basis of an engineering
and traffic investigation that slow speeds on any part of a
highway consistently impede the normal and reasonable
movement of traffic, the director or local authority may
determine and declare a minimum speed limit below
which a person shall not drive a vehicle except when
necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law.
C. If a person is driving a vehicle at a speed less than the
normal flow of traffic at the particular time and place on
a two- lane highway where passing is unsafe, and if five
or more vehicles are formed in a line behind the vehicle,
the person shall turn the vehicle off the roadway at the
nearest place designated as a turnout by signs erected by
the director or a local authority, or wherever sufficient area
for a safe turnout exists, in order to permit the vehicles
following to proceed.
38 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
28- 724. Overtaking on the right
A. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass on the right
of another vehicle only under the following conditions:
1. When the vehicle overtaken is making or about to
make a left turn.
2. On a street or highway with unobstructed pavement
that is not occupied by parked vehicles and that is of
sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles
in each direction.
3. On a one- way street or on a roadway on which traffic
is restricted to one direction of movement and if the
roadway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width
for two or more lines of moving vehicles.
B. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another
vehicle on the right only under conditions permitting
the movement in safety. The driver shall not make the
movement by driving off the pavement or main traveled
portion of the roadway.
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 39
28- 735. Overtaking bicycles; civil penalties
A. When overtaking and passing a bicycle proceeding in
the same direction, a person driving a motor vehicle
shall exercise due care by leaving a safe distance
between the motor vehicle and the bicycle of not
less than three feet until the motor vehicle is safely
past the overtaken bicycle.
B. If a person violates this section and the violation
results in a collision causing:
1. Serious physical injury as defined in sec-tion13-
105 to another person, the violator is
subject to a civil penalty of up to five hundred
dollars.
2. Death to another person, the violator is subject to
a civil penalty of up to one thousand dollars.
C. Subsection B of this section does not apply to a
bicyclist who is injured in a vehicular traffic lane when
a designated bicycle lane or path is present and pass-able.
28- 756. Method of giving hand and arm
signals
A. Except as provided by subsection B, a person shall
40 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
give all hand and arm signals required by this
article from the left side of the vehicle in the fol-lowing
manner, and the signals shall indicate as
follows:
1. Left turn. Hand & arm extended horizontally.
2. Right turn. Hand and arm extended upward.
3. Stop or decrease speed. Hand and arm
extended downward.
B. A person operating a bicycle may give a right turn
signal by extending the right hand and arm horizontally
to the right side of the bicycle.
28- 811. Parent and guardian responsibility;
applicability of article
A. The parent of a child and the guardian of a ward
shall not authorize or knowingly permit the child or
ward to violate this chapter.
B. Except as otherwise provided in this article, this
chapter applies to a bicycle when it is operated on
a highway or on a path set aside for the exclusive
use of bicycles.
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 41
28- 101. Definitions
6. “ Bicycle” means a device, including a racing wheel-chair,
that is propelled by human power and on which
a person may ride and that has either:
( a) Two tandem wheels, either of which is more than
sixteen inches in diameter.
( b) Three wheels in contact with the ground, any of
which is more than sixteen inches in diameter.
56. “ Vehicle” means a device in, on or by which a person
or property is or may be transported or drawn on a public
highway, excluding devices moved by human power or
used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks.
28- 812. Applicability of traffic laws to bicycle
riders
A person riding a bicycle on a roadway or on a shoulder
adjoining a roadway is granted all of the rights and is
subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a
vehicle by this chapter and chapters 4 and 5 of this title,
except special rules in this article and except provisions
of this chapter and chapters 4 and 5 of this title that by
their nature can have no application.
42 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
28- 813. Riding on bicycles
A. A person propelling a bicycle shall not ride other
than on or astride a permanent and regular seat
attached to the bicycle.
B. A person shall not use a bicycle to carry more
persons at one time than the number for which
it is designed and equipped.
528- 814. Clinging to vehicle
A person riding on a bicycle, coaster, sled or toy ve-hicle
or on roller skates shall not attach the bicycle,
coaster, sled, toy vehicle or roller skates or that person
to a vehicle on a roadway.
28- 815. Riding on roadway and bicycle path;
bicycle path usage
A. A person riding a bicycle on a roadway at less than
the normal speed of traffic at the time and place
and under the conditions then existing shall ride as
close as practicable to the right- hand curb or edge
of the roadway, except under any of the following
situations:
1. If overtaking and passing another bicycle or
vehicle proceeding in the same direction.
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 43
2. If preparing for a left turn at an intersection or
into a private road or driveway.
3. If reasonably necessary to avoid conditions,
including fixed or moving objects, parked or
moving vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, animals
or surface hazards.
4. If the lane in which the person is operating the
bicycle is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle
to travel safely side by side within the lane.
B. Persons riding bicycles on a roadway shall not ride
more than two abreast except on paths or parts
of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bi-cycles.
C. A path or lane that is designated as a bicycle path or
lane by state or local authorities is for the exclusive
use of bicycles even though other uses are permit-ted
pursuant to subsection D or are otherwise
permitted by state or local authorities.
D. A person shall not operate, stop, park or leave stand-ing
a vehicle in a path or lane designated as a bicycle
path or lane by a state or local authority except in the
case of emergency or for crossing the path or lane to
gain access to a public or private road or driveway.
44 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
E. Subsection D does not prohibit the use of the path
or lane by the appropriate local authority.
28- 816. Carrying article on bicycle
A person shall not carry a package, bundle or article
while operating a bicycle if the package, bundle or article
prevents the driver from keeping at least one hand on
the handlebars.
28- 817. Bicycle equipment
A. A bicycle that is used at nighttime shall have a lamp
on the front that emits a white light visible from a
distance of at least five hundred feet to the front
and a red reflector on the rear of a type that is ap-proved
by the department and that is visible from all
distances from fifty feet to three hundred feet to the
rear when the reflector is directly in front of lawful
upper beams of head lamps on a motor vehicle. A
bicycle may have a lamp that emits a red light visible
from a distance of five hundred feet to the rear in
addition to the red reflector.
B. A person shall not operate a bicycle that is equipped
with a siren or whistle.
C. A bicycle shall be equipped with a brake that enables
the operator to make the braked wheels skid on dry,
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 45
level, clean pavement.
28- 818. Bicycle safety fund
A. A bicycle safety fund is established. The department
shall administer the fund. The fund consists of mon-ies
received from:
1. The federal government or any agency of
the federal government for any purpose autho-rized
by this section.
2. Donations.
3. This state or any agency of this state for any
purpose authorized by this section.
B. The department:
1. May designate monies deposited in the bicycle
safety fund for use only for specified purposes
consistent with this section and only for use in
specified political subdivisions of this state.
2. Shall spend monies contributed by a political
subdivision to the bicycle safety fund and any do-nation
to the fund designated for use in a political
subdivision and any matching monies deposited
in the fund as a result of the contribution or dona-tion
only for use in the political subdivision.
46 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
3. Shall only spend monies from the bicycle safety
fund as follows:
( a) For planning, engineering, construct-ing
and maintaining bicycle paths and
bicycle lanes.
( b) As matching monies to be used with
federal or local monies spent for planning, en-gineering,
constructing or maintaining bicycle
paths and bicycle lanes.
( c) As matching monies to be used with federal or
local monies spent for planning and implement-ing
safety programs.
C. Monies in the bicycle safety fund are exempt
from the provisions of section 35- 190 relat-ing
to lapsing of appropriations. The depart-ment
may spend monies in the fund for
purposes authorized by this section subject to legisla-tive
appropriation.
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 47
28- 947. Special restrictions on lamps
D. A vehicle may have lamps that may be used to warn
the operators of other vehicles of the presence of
a vehicular traffic hazard requiring the exercise of
48 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS
28- 3164. Original applicants; examination
The department may examine an applicant for an
original driver license or the department may ac-cept
the examination conducted by an authorized
third party pursuant to chapter 13 of this title or
documentation of successful completion of a driver
education course approved by the department. The
unusual care in approaching, overtaking or passing.
The vehicle may display these lamps as a warning
in addition to any other warning signals required by
this article. The lamps used to display the warning to
the front shall be mounted at the same level and as
widely spaced laterally as practicable and shall display
simultaneously flashing white or amber lights or any
shade of color between white and amber.
The lamps used to display the warning to the rear
shall be mounted at the same level and as widely
spaced laterally as practicable and shall show simul-taneously
flashing amber or red lights or any shade
of color between amber and red.
These warning lights shall be visible from a distance
of at least one thousand five hundred feet under
normal atmospheric conditions at night.
The preceding section is a listing of relevant
Arizona State laws as of May, 2007. Additional
local traffic laws may apply to bicyclists, motorists
and pedestrians throughout Arizona. This booklet
does not constitute a legal standard. Refer to
Arizona Revised Statutes and to local traffic
ordinances.
Some useful contact information:
Report roadway maintenance needs on State high-ways
to the appropriate ADOT District.
Contact information for each district is at:
www. azdot. gov/ Highways/ Districts. asp
... or you can contact the ADOT Bicycle/ Pedestrian
Coordinator at: azbikeped@ azdot. gov
examination shall include all of the following:
1. A test of the applicant’s:
( a) Eyesight.
( b) Ability to read and understand official traffic
control devices.
( c) Knowledge of safe driving practices and the traffic
laws of this state, including those practices and
laws relating to bicycles.
ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 49
1. Get the right bike. Mountain bikes were designed for
the dirt and are much slower than road bikes or hybrids.
Pick the bike that’s right for your ride.
2. Bring a week’s worth of clothes on Monday. It’s a
good way to fight wrinkles and lighten your load.
3. Gotta long ride? Use the bike racks on city buses to
shorten your ride and give you a bailout on rainy days.
4. Got light? Everybody should have a bright headlight and
at least one red flasher on the back. You may get stuck at
work or school later than you planned. State law requires
a white headlight and red rear reflector after dark. If
you’re caught riding at night without a light, you can get
an expensive ticket.
5. Pick a good route. Try different routes through neighbor-hoods
and on paths that fit your comfort level. Consult
a bike map for good routes or ask your cyclist friends for
advice. Try out new routes on the weekends.
6. Ride flat free. There are many new products to help you
fight flats, including tire sealant, tire liners and puncture
resistant tires.
When you sign up for a Bike Buddy you’ll be contacted by one
of our experienced commuters, who will meet with you to check
out your bike and help you map a route. You can also do a test
ride together to make sure you’re comfortable with your new
route and your gear.
Make bike commuting
fun and safe with a
To learn more about a Bike Buddy Program in your
area, visit www. azbikeped. org
BIKE BUDDY!
Are you thinking of riding to work
and want to learn the “ ins and outs” of
bike commuting?
Do you need advice on bikes and gear
that will get you where you need to go?
The Bike Buddy Program will match
you with a trained volunteer so you can
benefit from their experience. You can
get advice on cycling topics including:
• Finding the best route to work
• Fixing flats and performing repairs
• Taking your bike on the bus
• Getting the right gear for all seasons
• Riding in different traffic and weather conditions
Adapted by the Arizona Department of Transportation
from the Pima County Bicycle and
Pedestrian Program Share the Road Guide
Matthew Zoll, Program Manager.
© 2007 Design and illustration by
David Burnham, Pima County Graphic Services
Arizona Department of Transportation
Bicycle and Pedestrian Program
Mail Drop 310B
206 S. 17th Ave., Pho enix, AZ 85007
( 602) 712- 8141
azbikeped@ azdot. gov
www. azbikeped. org
Object Description
| Rating | |
| TITLE | Share the road: a guide for bicyclists and motorists |
| CREATOR | Arizona. Dept. of Transportation. |
| SUBJECT | Bicycles--Law and legislation--Arizona; Bicycles--Arizona--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc.; Traffic regulations--Arizona vHandbooks, manuals, etc.; Cycling--Law and legislation--Arizona; Cycling--Arizona--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc.; |
| Browse Topic |
Transportation |
| DESCRIPTION | This title contains one or more publications. |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Arizona Dept. of Transportation, Bicycle and Pedestrian Program. |
| Material Collection |
State Documents |
| Source Identifier | TRT 11.8:S 41 |
| Location | ocm58597824 |
| REPOSITORY | Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records--Law and Research Library. |
Description
| TITLE | Share the road:a guide for bicyclists and motorists |
| CREATOR | Arizona Dept. of Transportation |
| SUBJECT | Bicycles--Arizona--Law and legislation; Bicycles--Arizona--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc; Traffic regulations--Arizona--Handbooks, manuals, etc; Cycling--Arizona--Law and legislation; Cycling--Arizona--Safety measures--Handbooks, manuals, etc |
| Browse Topic |
Transportation |
| DESCRIPTION | 52 pages (PDF version); 1,814.2 KB |
| Language | English |
| Contributor | Pima County Bicycle and Pedestrian Program |
| Publisher | Arizona Dept. of Transportation, Bicycle and Pedestrian Program |
| TYPE | Text |
| Material Collection |
State Documents |
| RIGHTS MANAGEMENT | Copyright to this resource is held by the creating agency and is provided here for educational purposes only. I may not be downloaded, reproduced, or distributed in any format without written permission of the creating agency. Any attempt to circumvent the access controls placed on this file is a violation of United States and international copyright laws, and is subject to criminal prosecution |
| DATE ORIGINAL | 2007 |
| Time Period |
2000s (2000-2009) |
| ORIGINAL FORMAT | Born Digital |
| Source Identifier | TRT 11.8:S 41 |
| Location | ocn58597824 |
| DIGITAL IDENTIFIER | STR061208.pdf |
| DIGITAL FORMAT |
PDF (Portable Document Format) |
| REPOSITORY | Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records—Law and Research Library. |
| File Size | 1814.248 KB |
| Full Text | This pocket guide illustrates how bicyclists and motorists can “ Share the Road” legally and safely within Arizona. Please read through these safety tips to better understand the other person’s view of the road and to learn more about cycling and driving more safely in our great State. The more we understand each other’s needs, the better we can respect and cooperate with each other on the streets. Tips for Sharing the Road Legally and Safely This second edition of the bicyclist and mo-torist pocket guide is brought to you by the Arizona Department of Transportation Bicycle and Pedestrian Program. Adapted by the Arizona Department of Trans-portation from the Pima County Bicycle and Pedestrian Program Share the Road Guide, Matthew Zoll, Program Manager. Copyright 2007. Design, illustration, and photography by David Burnham, Pima County Graphic Services. Please refer to pages 38 through 49 for a listing of relevant Arizona Revised Stat-utes ( A. R. S.) pertaining to the operation of bicycles and motor vehicles. 4 B I C Y C L I S T S Be polite and be smart. Show respect for all users of the road, and you’ll get respect back as a result. Bikes and Cars: Same roads, same rules, same rights and responsibilities. Show respect to others B e visible Wear light, bright, and ( for night) reflective clothing. At night use a rear red reflector and white front headlight ( A. R. S. 28- 817). You should also use a red taillight. B I C Y C L I S T S 5 6 B I C Y C L I S T S According to national studies, 85% of brain injuries can be pre-vented by wearing a helmet. Some Arizona cities and counties require bicyclists under the age of 18 to wear a helmet. Check your local laws. Protect yourself Helmet and bicycle mirrors improve your overall awareness and allow you to see following vehicles. Watch for cars turning through gaps Riding too fast past a line of stopped cars can get you clobbered. When passing a line of vehicles SLOW DOWN AND BE ALERT, especially near driveway entrances. Motorists often can’t see past the line of vehicles and won’t know you’re there. B I C Y C L I S T S 7 B e polite and be smart Use hand signals to show your intentions and ride in a predictable fashion ( A. R. S. 28- 756). Remember, the laws are there to make it safer for everyone. Turning right Turning left Slowing down OR 8 B I C Y C L I S T S Watch ahead for hazardous railroad tracks. Look behind you to make sure it’s safe, signal your intentions, then cross tracks at as close to a right angle as possible ( A. R. S. 28- 815). Cross tracks carefully B I C Y C L I S T S 9 Ride on the right with the flow of traffic— NEVER ride against traffic on the road, in a bike lane, or on a sidewalk. Drivers turning from the side cannot see you and approaching drivers will not expect you to be riding the wrong way ( A. R. S. 28- 815). B e predictable 10 B I C Y C L I S T S B I C Y C L I S T S 11 Cross cattleguards carefully Cross cattleguards carefully and be sure to watch for gaps parallel to your direction of travel. These can cause a serious crash. The edge of the cattleguard may also be higher or lower than the road surface. Be especially careful if the cattleguard is wet and is in a corner or approaching a stop sign. Watch out for gaps! Riding two abreast is permitted by law ( A. R. S. 28- 815), but under a separate law ( A. R. S. 28- 704) bicyclists may not unnecessarily slow motor vehicle traffic. You can help drivers pass on two- lane roadways without bike lanes by riding single- file when safe to do so ( stay at least 2 to 3 feet from the edge of the road). It’s always nice to give a friendly wave when drivers pass and give you plenty of clearance. B e aware when riding two abreast 12 B I C Y C L I S T S 11 Riding in bus/ bike lanes When using the bus/ bike lanes, ride near the center of the lane to make yourself as visible as possible. When approaching an intersec-tion, move to the left before proceeding through. Bus drivers are required to pass cyclists outside of the bus/ bike lane. B I C Y C L I S T S 13 14 B I C Y C L I S T S 1. Ride like a vehicle Ride on the circulatory roadway as vehicles do. Obey the same driving instructions as vehicles. When entering, yield to vehicles in the roundabout. Wait for a gap in traffic and merge into round-about traffic to the right. Watch out for vehicles crossing your path to leave or join the roundabout. Be careful around large vehicles because they need more space to maneuver the roundabout. Exit the roundabout to your right. 2. Walk like a pedestrian Before reaching the splitter island on the roundabout approach, move to the sidewalk. Walk your bicycle on the sidewalk and use pedestrian crossings to walk across the roadways. Look left before crossing to the splitter island, and look right before crossing to the opposite sidewalk. Two ways to ride a modern roundabout B I C Y C L I S T S 15 16 B I C Y C L I S T S You may make a left turn like a vehicle by looking over your shoulder, signaling, and moving into the left turn lane when it’s safe. ( A. R. S. 28- 815) You may make a left turn by going to the far side of the intersection, turning your bike, and using the roadway. You may make a left turn by going to the far side of the intersection, turning your bike, and then using the crosswalk. Thre e legal ways to turn left 1 2 3 B I C Y C L I S T S 17 Use the full lane when appropriate Remember that you may use the full lane if the lane is not wide enough for a car and bike to safely share ( A. R. S. 28- 815). Check behind to make sure it’s safe, signal your intentions, and take the lane by riding 1/ 3 to 1/ 2 of the way into the lane. When safe and possible, move to the right to allow a following vehicle to pass. 18 B I C Y C L I S T S Look for people in parked cars ahead of you and ride in a straight line at least 5 feet away from the car. Someone may open the car door in front of you unexpectedly. Be predictable: don’t weave in and out between parked cars. B e careful when riding by parked cars B I C Y C L I S T S 19 On a shared use pathway always slow down when approaching pedestrians, give a verbal greeting you’re about to pass, and provide at least 5 feet passing distance. Remember! The pedestrian you are courteous to on the pathway may be the driver who treats you well when you’re cycling on the roadway. Respect pedestrians 5ft. Bicycle bells are a polite way to alert people to your presence. 20 B I C Y C L I S T S Even with eye contact the person may not really see you or realize the speed you are going, so be prepared! B e a defensive bike ‘ driver’ Be aware of your surroundings, and especially turning and side traffic. Make eye contact with drivers and be sure to get their at-tention. B I C Y C L I S T S 21 Headphones and cell phones cause distraction and reduce your ability to hear traffic, which could cost you your life. Don’t use headphones or a cell phone when rid-ing your bike-- you’re four times more likely to be in a crash! Pay attention 22 B I C Y C L I S T S When riding on narrow, two- lane roads, always be on the lookout for oncoming cars attempting to pass. Watch for oncoming cars Ride in a highly visible position in the roadway, not too close to the edge, and alert the motorists to your presence by waving your left arm. Be ready to exit the roadway even if the shoulder is rough. Prepare for an emergency exit off the roadway! B I C Y C L I S T S 23 Cyclists have the same legal right to use the road as motorists. Same roads, same rules, same rights and responsibilities. Cyclists can legally ride two abreast on the roadway ( A. R. S. 28- 815) as long as they do not unnecessarily slow traffic ( A. R. S. 28- 704). In several cir-cumstances, cyclists can use the entire travel lane. 28- 815). B e aware of bikes 24 M O T O R I S T S Yield to bikes when turning through gaps A situation when a motorist allows another car to make a left turn through a line of cars can be hazardous to cyclists. Make your turn with extreme caution and yield to bicyclists. M O T O R I S T S 25 When changing lanes, turning left or right, or pulling out from a driveway, be aware of cyclists and YIELD to them just as you would with motorists. If in doubt, slow down and turn behind them. Cyclists may be travelling faster than you expect, so exercise due caution before making your turn. Be watcful at intersections & driveways 26 M O T O R I S T S Do not drive or park in bike lanes or on paved shoulders. When turning right, wait and allow the cyclist to go through the intersection first. Be predictable and always signal your intentions. Be careful not to turn in front of cyclists ( A. R. S. 28- 815). Bike lanes are for bikes M O T O R I S T S 27 DO NOT use your horn when following a cyclist. A sudden loud blast from a horn may startle the cyclist and cause him or her to swerve into traffic. The driver can be cited for causing a crash. Horns don’t help 28 M O T O R I S T S Safe passing is the law 5 ft. recommended 3 ft. minimum Unsafe passing can result in a fine of up to $ 1,000! The law requires that you give AT LEAST 3 FEET of clearance when you pass ( A. R. S. 28- 735). Slow down and don’t pass a cyclist until safe to do so. When possible, please give 5 feet of clearance when you pass. M O T O R I S T S 29 Trucks and utility vehicles ne ed to allow five fe et when passing Trucks, especially when pulling trailers, need to provide extra space when passing cyclists. The mirrors, fenders and cargo on the truck can extend out and be dangerous. Use extra caution and make sure that your trailer is safely clear of the cyclist before moving back to the right. 5 ft. min. 30 M O T O R I S T S Look before opening your door Opening your car door in a crowded area can be disastrous to a cyclist riding near parked cars. Drivers are legally required to make sure it’s safe before opening a car door into the roadway. M O T O R I S T S 31 Slow down and pass cyclists carefully ( A. R. S. 28- 735), especially at railroad crossings and cattleguards, through construction zones, and in poor weather conditions. Watch for cyclists signaling and moving to the left briefly in order to safely cross railroad tracks ( A. R. S. 28- 815) Give extra room near hazards 32 M O T O R I S T S Give a cyclist room to maneuver Assume there is a good reason for a cyclist’s position in the road and give him adequate room to maneuver. Cyclists may move further into the lane to avoid hazards, to be more visible to drivers, or if the lane is too narrow to safely share with a vehicle. M O T O R I S T S 33 Pay attention to the road, not to your phone According to national research, you are four times more likely to have an automobile crash if you use a cell phone while driving. For everyone’s safety, pull over to a safe location off the road to use your cell phone. 34 M O T O R I S T S Debris creates hazardous conditions and forces cyclists further into the travel lane. When hauling trash or other objects, properly secure your loads. Don’t Litter! It’s illegal and debris in the bike lanes is dangerous. Help ke ep trash out of the bike lanes M O T O R I S T S 35 Give extra room when passing If you are driving a large vehicle such as a truck, RV, or bus, the wind pushed out from the side can cause a cyclist to crash. Slow down and whenever possible give a full lane width of clearance. ( A. R. S. 28- 723, A. R. S. 28- 735). Unsafe passing can result in a fine of up to $ 1,000! 12 ft. recommended 5 ft. min. passing distance 36 M O T O R I S T S When attempting to pass vehicles on a narrow two- lane road, watch out for bikes coming in the opposite direction! Watch for bikes when trying to pass on two- lane roads Yield to cyclists as you would to oncoming vehicles and do not pass if it’s unsafe. Always expect that bicyclists may be on the roadway, even in rural areas. DO NOT PASS! M O T O R I S T S 37 28- 704. Minimum speed limits; requirement to turn off roadway A. A person shall not drive a motor vehicle at such a slow speed as to impede or block the normal and reasonable movement of traffic except when reduced speed is neces-sary for safe operation or in compliance with law. B. If the director or local authorities within their respective jurisdictions determine on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation that slow speeds on any part of a highway consistently impede the normal and reasonable movement of traffic, the director or local authority may determine and declare a minimum speed limit below which a person shall not drive a vehicle except when necessary for safe operation or in compliance with law. C. If a person is driving a vehicle at a speed less than the normal flow of traffic at the particular time and place on a two- lane highway where passing is unsafe, and if five or more vehicles are formed in a line behind the vehicle, the person shall turn the vehicle off the roadway at the nearest place designated as a turnout by signs erected by the director or a local authority, or wherever sufficient area for a safe turnout exists, in order to permit the vehicles following to proceed. 38 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 28- 724. Overtaking on the right A. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass on the right of another vehicle only under the following conditions: 1. When the vehicle overtaken is making or about to make a left turn. 2. On a street or highway with unobstructed pavement that is not occupied by parked vehicles and that is of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles in each direction. 3. On a one- way street or on a roadway on which traffic is restricted to one direction of movement and if the roadway is free from obstructions and of sufficient width for two or more lines of moving vehicles. B. The driver of a vehicle may overtake and pass another vehicle on the right only under conditions permitting the movement in safety. The driver shall not make the movement by driving off the pavement or main traveled portion of the roadway. ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 39 28- 735. Overtaking bicycles; civil penalties A. When overtaking and passing a bicycle proceeding in the same direction, a person driving a motor vehicle shall exercise due care by leaving a safe distance between the motor vehicle and the bicycle of not less than three feet until the motor vehicle is safely past the overtaken bicycle. B. If a person violates this section and the violation results in a collision causing: 1. Serious physical injury as defined in sec-tion13- 105 to another person, the violator is subject to a civil penalty of up to five hundred dollars. 2. Death to another person, the violator is subject to a civil penalty of up to one thousand dollars. C. Subsection B of this section does not apply to a bicyclist who is injured in a vehicular traffic lane when a designated bicycle lane or path is present and pass-able. 28- 756. Method of giving hand and arm signals A. Except as provided by subsection B, a person shall 40 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS give all hand and arm signals required by this article from the left side of the vehicle in the fol-lowing manner, and the signals shall indicate as follows: 1. Left turn. Hand & arm extended horizontally. 2. Right turn. Hand and arm extended upward. 3. Stop or decrease speed. Hand and arm extended downward. B. A person operating a bicycle may give a right turn signal by extending the right hand and arm horizontally to the right side of the bicycle. 28- 811. Parent and guardian responsibility; applicability of article A. The parent of a child and the guardian of a ward shall not authorize or knowingly permit the child or ward to violate this chapter. B. Except as otherwise provided in this article, this chapter applies to a bicycle when it is operated on a highway or on a path set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles. ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 41 28- 101. Definitions 6. “ Bicycle” means a device, including a racing wheel-chair, that is propelled by human power and on which a person may ride and that has either: ( a) Two tandem wheels, either of which is more than sixteen inches in diameter. ( b) Three wheels in contact with the ground, any of which is more than sixteen inches in diameter. 56. “ Vehicle” means a device in, on or by which a person or property is or may be transported or drawn on a public highway, excluding devices moved by human power or used exclusively on stationary rails or tracks. 28- 812. Applicability of traffic laws to bicycle riders A person riding a bicycle on a roadway or on a shoulder adjoining a roadway is granted all of the rights and is subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle by this chapter and chapters 4 and 5 of this title, except special rules in this article and except provisions of this chapter and chapters 4 and 5 of this title that by their nature can have no application. 42 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 28- 813. Riding on bicycles A. A person propelling a bicycle shall not ride other than on or astride a permanent and regular seat attached to the bicycle. B. A person shall not use a bicycle to carry more persons at one time than the number for which it is designed and equipped. 528- 814. Clinging to vehicle A person riding on a bicycle, coaster, sled or toy ve-hicle or on roller skates shall not attach the bicycle, coaster, sled, toy vehicle or roller skates or that person to a vehicle on a roadway. 28- 815. Riding on roadway and bicycle path; bicycle path usage A. A person riding a bicycle on a roadway at less than the normal speed of traffic at the time and place and under the conditions then existing shall ride as close as practicable to the right- hand curb or edge of the roadway, except under any of the following situations: 1. If overtaking and passing another bicycle or vehicle proceeding in the same direction. ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 43 2. If preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into a private road or driveway. 3. If reasonably necessary to avoid conditions, including fixed or moving objects, parked or moving vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians, animals or surface hazards. 4. If the lane in which the person is operating the bicycle is too narrow for a bicycle and a vehicle to travel safely side by side within the lane. B. Persons riding bicycles on a roadway shall not ride more than two abreast except on paths or parts of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bi-cycles. C. A path or lane that is designated as a bicycle path or lane by state or local authorities is for the exclusive use of bicycles even though other uses are permit-ted pursuant to subsection D or are otherwise permitted by state or local authorities. D. A person shall not operate, stop, park or leave stand-ing a vehicle in a path or lane designated as a bicycle path or lane by a state or local authority except in the case of emergency or for crossing the path or lane to gain access to a public or private road or driveway. 44 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS E. Subsection D does not prohibit the use of the path or lane by the appropriate local authority. 28- 816. Carrying article on bicycle A person shall not carry a package, bundle or article while operating a bicycle if the package, bundle or article prevents the driver from keeping at least one hand on the handlebars. 28- 817. Bicycle equipment A. A bicycle that is used at nighttime shall have a lamp on the front that emits a white light visible from a distance of at least five hundred feet to the front and a red reflector on the rear of a type that is ap-proved by the department and that is visible from all distances from fifty feet to three hundred feet to the rear when the reflector is directly in front of lawful upper beams of head lamps on a motor vehicle. A bicycle may have a lamp that emits a red light visible from a distance of five hundred feet to the rear in addition to the red reflector. B. A person shall not operate a bicycle that is equipped with a siren or whistle. C. A bicycle shall be equipped with a brake that enables the operator to make the braked wheels skid on dry, ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 45 level, clean pavement. 28- 818. Bicycle safety fund A. A bicycle safety fund is established. The department shall administer the fund. The fund consists of mon-ies received from: 1. The federal government or any agency of the federal government for any purpose autho-rized by this section. 2. Donations. 3. This state or any agency of this state for any purpose authorized by this section. B. The department: 1. May designate monies deposited in the bicycle safety fund for use only for specified purposes consistent with this section and only for use in specified political subdivisions of this state. 2. Shall spend monies contributed by a political subdivision to the bicycle safety fund and any do-nation to the fund designated for use in a political subdivision and any matching monies deposited in the fund as a result of the contribution or dona-tion only for use in the political subdivision. 46 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 3. Shall only spend monies from the bicycle safety fund as follows: ( a) For planning, engineering, construct-ing and maintaining bicycle paths and bicycle lanes. ( b) As matching monies to be used with federal or local monies spent for planning, en-gineering, constructing or maintaining bicycle paths and bicycle lanes. ( c) As matching monies to be used with federal or local monies spent for planning and implement-ing safety programs. C. Monies in the bicycle safety fund are exempt from the provisions of section 35- 190 relat-ing to lapsing of appropriations. The depart-ment may spend monies in the fund for purposes authorized by this section subject to legisla-tive appropriation. ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 47 28- 947. Special restrictions on lamps D. A vehicle may have lamps that may be used to warn the operators of other vehicles of the presence of a vehicular traffic hazard requiring the exercise of 48 ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 28- 3164. Original applicants; examination The department may examine an applicant for an original driver license or the department may ac-cept the examination conducted by an authorized third party pursuant to chapter 13 of this title or documentation of successful completion of a driver education course approved by the department. The unusual care in approaching, overtaking or passing. The vehicle may display these lamps as a warning in addition to any other warning signals required by this article. The lamps used to display the warning to the front shall be mounted at the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable and shall display simultaneously flashing white or amber lights or any shade of color between white and amber. The lamps used to display the warning to the rear shall be mounted at the same level and as widely spaced laterally as practicable and shall show simul-taneously flashing amber or red lights or any shade of color between amber and red. These warning lights shall be visible from a distance of at least one thousand five hundred feet under normal atmospheric conditions at night. The preceding section is a listing of relevant Arizona State laws as of May, 2007. Additional local traffic laws may apply to bicyclists, motorists and pedestrians throughout Arizona. This booklet does not constitute a legal standard. Refer to Arizona Revised Statutes and to local traffic ordinances. Some useful contact information: Report roadway maintenance needs on State high-ways to the appropriate ADOT District. Contact information for each district is at: www. azdot. gov/ Highways/ Districts. asp ... or you can contact the ADOT Bicycle/ Pedestrian Coordinator at: azbikeped@ azdot. gov examination shall include all of the following: 1. A test of the applicant’s: ( a) Eyesight. ( b) Ability to read and understand official traffic control devices. ( c) Knowledge of safe driving practices and the traffic laws of this state, including those practices and laws relating to bicycles. ARIZONA BICYCLE LAWS 49 1. Get the right bike. Mountain bikes were designed for the dirt and are much slower than road bikes or hybrids. Pick the bike that’s right for your ride. 2. Bring a week’s worth of clothes on Monday. It’s a good way to fight wrinkles and lighten your load. 3. Gotta long ride? Use the bike racks on city buses to shorten your ride and give you a bailout on rainy days. 4. Got light? Everybody should have a bright headlight and at least one red flasher on the back. You may get stuck at work or school later than you planned. State law requires a white headlight and red rear reflector after dark. If you’re caught riding at night without a light, you can get an expensive ticket. 5. Pick a good route. Try different routes through neighbor-hoods and on paths that fit your comfort level. Consult a bike map for good routes or ask your cyclist friends for advice. Try out new routes on the weekends. 6. Ride flat free. There are many new products to help you fight flats, including tire sealant, tire liners and puncture resistant tires. When you sign up for a Bike Buddy you’ll be contacted by one of our experienced commuters, who will meet with you to check out your bike and help you map a route. You can also do a test ride together to make sure you’re comfortable with your new route and your gear. Make bike commuting fun and safe with a To learn more about a Bike Buddy Program in your area, visit www. azbikeped. org BIKE BUDDY! Are you thinking of riding to work and want to learn the “ ins and outs” of bike commuting? Do you need advice on bikes and gear that will get you where you need to go? The Bike Buddy Program will match you with a trained volunteer so you can benefit from their experience. You can get advice on cycling topics including: • Finding the best route to work • Fixing flats and performing repairs • Taking your bike on the bus • Getting the right gear for all seasons • Riding in different traffic and weather conditions Adapted by the Arizona Department of Transportation from the Pima County Bicycle and Pedestrian Program Share the Road Guide Matthew Zoll, Program Manager. © 2007 Design and illustration by David Burnham, Pima County Graphic Services Arizona Department of Transportation Bicycle and Pedestrian Program Mail Drop 310B 206 S. 17th Ave., Pho enix, AZ 85007 ( 602) 712- 8141 azbikeped@ azdot. gov www. azbikeped. org |
