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COMPlLEO AND PUBLISHED BY
RUSH & RUSH, PHOENIX. A,RIZONA
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COPYRIGHT BY
TILLMAN STOUT RUSH
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ARIZONA STATE CAPITOL, AT Pf©ENIX
ARIZONA
RIZONA ! It is a land of romance and faspination. . . . -
A land or bewite.hi·ng scenery nd unexcelled
beatity. Its rocks) ant'l mountains bear mute testimony
to its g,:reat a.ge1 while its rich fields of ltrain and
alfalfa attest its newness from the standpoint of modern
activities.
From out the past there trails past the vision, ghost,s
of a pre-historic raee, whos.e civilization w:as of no mel1n
degree, jtidging from what the arch; aeologis.t uncovers'
in: t,heir long deserted ruins whieh d,ot many se,ctions
of the state. Then in a later age came the Spanish conquistadors
and the padres who built Mission:s and en,.
deavored t.o cGnvert th.e, s.avage to their religion. Last,
but not least, even in r0ma:n,ce and eharm, came the
pioneer, carrying his. rifle by his side. as he tilled the s.oil
or liettled his cattle, to protect himself from the bl@odtbirsty
warriors of Victoria, Cochi$e. a;nd the cruelest
of them all, Geronimo.
No less interestiQg, romantic or f ascinatiug are th,e
achievements of totl.ay, as orte views the new cities an.cl
thriving hamle:ts, t,hat hav!;) SJ)rung into exi.stence within
ROOSE.YELT DAM. AR12QNA'S GREATEST ENGINEERING FEAT
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FOUR BAR FI,ATS, SPRl.NGERV'ILLE ROAD
the b.ou.nds of this youngest of the states of the Union ..
There .are fertile fields of golden grain aind .g.reen alfalfa,
which have taken the plaice of the greasewoo.d and mesquite;
orange groves and olive orchatds; the ea1·t.h
yielding up. her riQh treast1res of gold, silver and copper,
because man has conquered by the cunning of his brain,
and the energy latent in his. hands. All this goes tq make
Arizona-, indeed, the "Wonderland of America."
No one visits this Wo.n.derland who does not long t.o
return, if only for a few m0ntbs' sojourn. No 0rie is ever
disappointed in Arizona. :H:ere is £0,u11.d t.he most elastic
climate imaginable; the mG>.st variable· scenery that can
be had anywhere; the most diversified occupations:
obtainable. Here are experien<ted altitudes ranging from
nearly sea level to almost two miles ab,ove. Here ate
tetnperatt1res extending f r0m the tropical to perpetual
sn0w. ln Arizona i.s found the very best pf the "Last
,v:e.st." Here in abundance. are found the big game of the
Rockies, the yelping wolf of the mountains, and the
$neaking coyote i11 the arroyos; t:he mountain lion and
bear in their clif dwellin,g homes.
Arizona is the healthiest state in the Unio·n. The
atmosphere is so cleai· {tad pure that t.he azu.re blue of
CLIFTON-METCALF RO.AD.
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SP'ECii\l.ENS TAKIBN FROM PR.EB-ISTORIC RVINS
the sky can11ot be equalled a1131v.,hete. At n.ig, ht the stars
ar.e more brilliant, and seem so close tha.t one ,va, 11ts
to reach up and tptich ·them. Such is the effect of the
Arizona atmosphere. Aud the sunsets-no artist's brush
can ever do tl1em j1-1stiee, and no language has ever been
co11ceived that can adequ_a.tely describe therrL Their
gorgeous colorings are simply beyond the ra11ge of
human languge to portray. A11 visitors to Arizo.r1a are
afected alike by what they see. Some @ne has said:
'''Sun land, dun land, rope and spur and gun .land,
What is yoqr e11chant1ne;I1t, that you hold n1e in my
· tlrea1ns?
True lancl1 v-iew land, shade Qf ever)' hue lan{l,
Mountain peaks an,d canons, cradled, d.impling,
gleam.
Glad land, sad la11d, po0r old pagan ba.d land.
S.ome day to the castle we shall find the key,
Wild land, m:ild la11d, slumb.eriug, 1t11-1eh begt1iled land.
Tliep you shall a,vak.en, .glad and free."
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THE GRAND CANYON OF ARIZONA
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Ar-i!ONG THE BIG Pf:NES ON THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD
GREENLEE COUNTY
N the making of history, long before A.rizona was a
state ancl Greenlee a county, scenes wete enacted
within the ·border$ of what is, now Greenlee coun. ty,
that had they been recorded, would loom large in American
annals; scenes. whePe the sldier boy and his rifle
matc'lie-d the httlf naked 'savage with his bow and arro,v
and scalping knife.
Within the borders of this county Geronimo and his
savage hordes c.arried on rpuch of their deatp-dealing
crttelty. There were many victims of their sav-agery in
the early days, and there are many yet living in Greenlee
c·ounty, who passed thrdugh those trying times, when men
lived in perpetual fear of being killecl and scalped by the
red skiri'ned savages.
At one tjme Greenlee tounty was a part of Graham
but in 1909 pressure enougl1 was btought t'o bear upon
thE} 25tl1 Legislative Assembly of the 1'erri.tory of Arizona,
to pass an act establishing the boundary of Greenlee
county.
VIEW FROM T:8E MULE CREEK ROAD
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A SCENE o·N THE MULE CltEEK ROAD
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.An election was held in Noveml;>er, 1910, for the p11rpose
of electing oficers for the 11e.w county of Greenlee,
and the fi1·st oficers were: Sherif, I. B. Engtish; Treasurer,
John M. Webster; Recoi:der, John F. Burke; District
Attorney, E. V. Horton; Assessor, James H. Kerb)';
School Superintendent, J. W. Aker; Supervisors, B. F.
Billingsley, George We.bster, J. II. T. Cospe-r. There
were several applicl:nts fot the cou.nty seat, Clifton and ,
Dunea.n. being the le.,adiag rivals. Clif toa won the prize,
and the new Court House was started on J-anuary 1st,
1911, an<;I ,:vas c.ompleted a.nd o:ccupiedJ SeptembeI'
1st, 1912.
)Vheu Gree-nlee became a county there was .not a single
good w,agon road within its entire boundary; only a few
trails1 and only one bridge in .the, whole county. Today,
Greenlee county has nearly 200 miles of as fine auto
roads as ca11 be found in the state, and some of tl1e rn.ost
costly and st1bstantial bridges that can bJe seen anywhere.
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TUNNELS ON M.ETCALF B,OAD
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MOUNT-'\INS ABOVE CLIFTON
Greenlee c@unty has not stopped in its i·m·prove·ments,
but is eontin}J.i,ng the r.oa.d b.uilding program, so th,at in
anotl1et year tourists will l;,e able to cross it, eithe-r
north or s01,1·th, east o.r west, ovex the best auto roads
in the oountry.
To . those interested in archaeology, Greenlee county
ofers a rich field @f research among pre-historic ruins.
Many specimens of pQttery an.cl st.one implem.ent_p
are still to be found in these· ancient dwelling places. Irt
the m.ountair.1s are Temai11,s of tbe Clif Dwellings, where
there are evrderrces of an . advanced civilization that
existed lQng age.s before Caesar ruled Rome. Rveri when
the Spaniards exploted this country 1 in the 16th century,
these ruins bor mute evidence of long tilisuse, and werQ
shrouded in as deep mystery as today.
What became of that race of peQple, wl10 peacefully
till¢d the soil and raised corn, cotton and bea.rs? From tl1e'
evidences of the enarred co1'.n, wood a11d bones whi .ch l1ave
b.e.en uncovered by the bu·ilders of the modern canals in
the Duncan valley, may there not have b.een a gi'eat
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SPE0Ii\1ENS FltOM .CLIFF DWELLINGS AND PREHISTORIC .RtJJNS
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A PRETTY CURVE ON TH·E SPR.ING•ERVILLE ROA.D
cataclysm of volcanic gas and heat, which wiped them
Q,ut in the twinkling of an eye? Evidences are still extant
to support 'this theory.
In Greenlee county are found the oldest .mining
camps in the state, Glif:ton and Morenci. Here a.Fe also
found the richest co,pper deposits of the Southwest.
Not only a:re these camps rich in mineral deposits, but
some of the most picturesque scenery in the world is to
be found arot1nd Clifton, Moren.ci and Met.calf.
Tourists passing through Greenlee county will have
missed much, and wi11 have much to regret, if they do
not visit the northern part pf the county, w'hic.h is the
scenic part. The trip is one th-at ,vill never be. for.gotten,
and one of entrancing delights and joyful surprises. The
road winds around the. vari-c@lored clifs, ever opening
up new pleasure to the· sightseer. The road from
Clifton to Morenci is like an enchanted ribbon, appearing
and gisa.ppearing with almost magic. swiftness, as one
climbs higher and higher.
There are a number of hot sprin,gs throughout Greenlee
co.unty which show high medicinal values, and there
A VIEW ON THE MULE CREEK ROAD
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ALONG THE SPRI:N'GERV1LLE RO.!\D
are possibilities latent in thes.e various spri11gs f@r those
with initiati'7e to establish sanatoriun1s.
Greenlee eounty fioeJ"s tQ the spQ,.-ts1nan th, e best hunting
to be found any,v:here in the state. 'I'here are qt1ail,
<;loves, white.wings, a:ncl cottontails in a.bu -nd,ance; the
last named may be shot at any time. For the huntsman
out for big game, there are of e,red the m0untain
lion, the beai', the deer and wiid turke11 all of which
are abμndant in this county.
ROADS
HILE Arizona is th.e you-ngest sta.te in th Union,
a-nd Greenlee the yo1:1ngest county in the state,
Green. lee has the fines-t road system in the
country. B.egin.ning at the New Mexico line and runnin.g
to tl1e Graham county line, e·ast and west, is the Bankhead
Highway, whi0h is an e}ll:cellent gravel road a.nd
kept in splendid condition at all times of the year.
From D11ncan to Clifton, no.rth, is one of the best
roads of its kind in the ·state. North of Clifton through
Metcalf, is the most scenic auto road in the world,
AT AN ALTITUDE OF Al3©1JT 8000 FEET ©N THE SPRIN:"GERVILLE R0AD
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O').N. THE ROA:Q FROivl DUNCAN 'I'(;) CI,IFT0N
known as the Springerville toad. As it goes into the
mountains it winds through a heavily ti11?,bered region
of exquisite beauty. Starting a few 111ile s. above Clift.on,
the engineers have laid 0ut .in a zigzag manner up the
sides of the mountains, which ,vete al1n0st inaccessible
to a horse in many places, one of tl1e m0st sp]en.did
and by far the most scenic Toad in the country. It is
not a narrQ\V trail as is s0 often encountered by tourists
in -a mountain countl'y1 but a broad auto road, with
no grade .greate1· than eight per cent. In tl1e laJ.ing
ot1t and bt1ilding of this road a11 engineering : feat as
great as that of the Roosevelt dam has been .accomplished.
A11 other toad of S'Cenic beauty anti great importance
to the county of Greenlee is that known as tl1e lVIule
Creek road, wh.icl1 brancl1es of fro1n the Dunca.n-Clifton
road in a northeasterly direction. This is also a 1nountain
road ·of great scenic b.eautJ', an·.d a gteat e11ginee:ring
feat in mode1:n road buUding.
It may be said much to the credit of Greenlee .counts'
that the roads are not built and then left to deteriorate,
but modern macltiner)' and a road gang keep the roadB
in a per{ect (ionditio.n at all times of the year.
,vith all this wonderful toad system th.e ta.xes of
Greenlee county are not an:y l1igher than mans' other
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ROCKS SHOWING EROSION-CLIFTON-DUNCAN ROA-D
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I30ME FINE G-R.EENLEE COUNTY HEREFORDS
counties with less improvements, an,d not as high as
some of them. This is due to the fact that the afairs oi
the cGunty -are administered by a Board of Supervisors
who have th·e interests ·of the people at heart, and are
heavy taxpayers themselves.
THE DUNCAN VALLEY
M-OTIONS akin· to those wh.ich filled tl1e hearts of
the Children of Israel when they first set eyes
.upon the promised land, well up in the breast of
the modern tr-aveler at his first view of th.e Duncan
Valley, nestled between: towering mountain·s, with a
river of life-giving ,vater, for. both soil and cattle, ,vinding
through its centre.
Whether the tourist comes from the east or the west,
his view is the same as he reaches the brow of the hill
Qvrloo.king the valley; he, involuntarily stops hi$ car
to gaze u.poii a scene of exquisite beauty and pastoral
pr0sperity and contentment.
If the tourist makes his advent at harv!il_st time he sees
fields of rich, waving, golden grain, ready for the reaper
and garner. If his visit be made, at any other time of
the year the view is: equally eRtrancing; fields of rich?
verd· an:t alfalfa, ,vith herd after herd of sleek, grazing
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A ROUND,UP OF R-A"NGE HORSES
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BIRli>SEY'E VIEW 0F Ji)UNGA'N
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c. attle. Even. in winte.r one. sees n.o bleak an.d barren
w!lste, but perpetual spi-ing e:verywhere the eye rests.
Th topography of the valley is the most advan.tago.us
that can be irna.gined. It is a l@ng, n,a,rro·W, level sttetch
f the m0st f.ert. ile land that can b fQt1.nd anywhere.
An analysis of the soil shO'vvs it to c0ntai11 ·a11 ·ab.undance
of nitrogen, and c.omposecl o.f "fine gravel, coarse s?1,n..d,
medium sand, fine' sand and very fine, sand, silt and clay,
with 1-x1ore t.han 5:3 per cent. silt. It is the Gila river
silty clay loam.
Winding through the valley is the Gila. Jiver, which
furnishes waiter for the cat.tle that feetl on the ranges
adjaceJ1t to the valley, and also irrigation water fox the
man)· fertile farms which have been developed along the
banks of the river. At presen·t there are about 54 miles
of m-aih irrigation canals in tl1e valley, carrying water
to about 4500 acres of far1n lapd. Ther(; has just beea
foTmed a n.ew irrigati0n district, under the I:aws <e5f
Arizona, \Vith a new canal 18 miles in length, which,
when the sheet dttm is c:o.mpleted across the Q,ila river,
to raise its subterranean flow, will take care of aP,proximateJy
30CJO aci-es more land in 'the Duncan valley.
There is R g-.reat deal of virgi1:i land yet to b, . reclaimed
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F AR,i,r SCENE l THE DU,NCAN VALLEY
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ST,REET SCENE IN DUNGAN
io: the Duncan valley, and if a storage dam were built
on the Gila river there could e at least 8000 acres ·more
o f fertile land put undl?r cultivation, aqcl th11s .add to
the agricultural wealth of the valley arid county.
The vally, ·aboμt 35 miles i1:i length, i protected on
eit.her side b.y high rugged mountaitiS,. which add to its
scenic beauty, an,d act as a preteetio.n from the Ghilly
blasts of the nol'th -and the sco1·ching winds of the south.
Th climate of the Duncan valley is ideal in every
respect. The average rail'ffall for the past ten years was.
11.17 inches. In \Vinter the days are just a00I enough to
be ·delightf ul1 ,vhile in summer the heat is not, so intense
as in som,e other ·parts of the state, the .altitude b.e.ing
3,643 feet. Conditions are such that the farmer is
enabled tQ vvoTk the soil the .e11tire year·. The mean temperature
at Durtc-an for the past ten years was about 63.
Bump.er crops are gtown i.n the Dunca11 valley. Corn
\vill average 100 bushels to th'e acre; batley froin 70 to·
90 ·bJu,hels; whe.at fro1n 50 to 70 bi1sl1els; alfalfa 6 to 7
tons an aote, with fol1r or five cutti11gs a year. With
vegetables even better r.esults are. ob.tained.
A part of the Duncan valley extends aci"oss t.he
boundary line into N;ew Mexico, but is all tributary to
the t0wn of D11necan. C0i1ditions e.:xist t11ere as elsewhere
in t'he v·alley? a.u.d there are some excellent farms
in this l0eality.
A RANCJf IN TR-E DUNCAN VALLEY
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SHEEP GRAZING IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY
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Duncan VaJley l'.i'eing i11 such close proximity to the
min:ing towns of Clif'.ton, {orenci and Metcalf, the farmet
finds a ready .market for all farm produce at an exceptionally
good price. The f ar,mers of the Du.nean vally
have another great adva11tage ii:i the, 'fact that they
produce all they ne.d, with the excptiQn of a few
groceries, alld the clothing they wear. The, corn and
barley are :us.ed to fat ten hogs and cattle; ,the wl1e.at is
sold to the local 1nill; the alfalfa is fecl to the local dairy
hei-ds; all the ra,.nge cattle are wintered on the farms,
vvhere they are tattened1 killed and then rn:ar*eted in
the C.IJ.Fl ty.
The transp.ortation facilitjes of the valley are excellent,
as the El Paso & Southwes.terp railroad Tuns through
it, ,and the best higl1way system in the state, makes it
possilile for the farmer to transport his .products to
marketing points at a minimtJm co.st by auto truck or
team.
The town of Dunc.an is the principal city in the valley,
w:itl1 a pqpulation of about 750, .fifteen business houses,
tw,o ga11a,ges1 one bank, two hotels, restaurants, .several
churches, a gra;mmar and a high ,school, unexeelied by
any in the state. Duncan has Mas.nie and I{. P. lodges.
A DPN!t:AN VALLEY RAN!'.:H AND FRUIT OR.CHARD
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l TROPlllES C>F A DA'YlS H'ONT NEA-R DUNCAN
2. CAVE DWELLING NEAR DUNCAN
3. A C:a.NYON NEA,R DUNGAN
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4. C.A VE DWELLI.NGS @N THE GILA RIVER N'EAR DUNCAN
ABOBE RANCH HOUSESDUNCAN VALLIDY
Tb peo·ple of the Duncan valley a1'e to b e , congrat,ulated
o·n havi11g a.n institu.tion su.eh as the Bank of Dl1ncan
in th.eir mi€lst. Th bank was opened for business
in 1908 with a capitali·zation of $25,000.00. The stockholders
have 11ever Teceive.d dividends of less than 20
per cent per annum, and tl)e stu·plus at the present time
is $12,500.00. D'uring the life oJ the institution the
total resources have attained a m.aximum of $334,563.19.
The bank's closest competitor is 32 miles dista11t. It has
among its patrons large cattle men, substantial farmers,.
me1:chants and several mi·ning companies. Atl of these
make the bartk their heaclquarters for tme transacti:on of
any buiness of importa1:1ce, thus giving support to a
home institution. The oficers .of the bank are always
behipi;l any project that will inerease the reso1.1rces of
the valley and county. The fact that the resources of th.e
bank are derived from such a diversity of soutces causes
it to be recognized as one of the strongest in the stat-e..
Dune.an alsQ has a flour mill which turns out fifty
barrels per day of a product that cannot be excelled
anywhere in the c.ountry. A new crea1rrety nas just
been establi.shed with a daily capacity @f 2.,·500 potinds
Qf butter 250 gallons of ice cream? and ten tons of ice.
In connection with the creamery is a cold storage plant
A DATRY l'tANCH IN THE DUNCA'N VALLEY:
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A RANCH SGENE 1N THE DU.NGAN VALLEY
capable of caring fQr all the groduce of the va.Iley, such
as clresse.d meat, eggs and iaressed ):>o)ult;:y. The D.u·ncan
Valley, Utilities &. Sup. plies Corpor: a'tion is the promoter,
ancl its plant i11@lt1des a ctean1eTy, ice plant, refrigerating
pla;nt, electric light and p.ower plant and wate1' srstem.
1he electric ptant produces s11ficient cu:rrent £er tl1e
light and pqwer needs of the town. Th,e water systemJ
which is at present being installed, is modern in ever)'
respect. The water is to be pumped into, a reservoir 'above
the t· own, an. o w·ill .flow thro11gh the mairrs b)' gravity.
The mai.!'ls are also t9 be. conne.cted directly witl1 the well
and pumps, thus assuring ample fire pi:otection to the
town. The corporation owning the creame.ry is, planning
the erection, in the near futu.re, of a v e. getable eantiery,
to care f0r the pi-oducts of the valley.
Th:e ed·ucational facilities i11 the Du.nc:a1:i valley ate
equal to any fo l1nd in the state. The high. sehool pupils
of tlie rt1ral districts arg txanspottecl daily to the Du,nc.an
Union High ScJ1ool1 whicl1 has, an up-to,..date e.quipment,
includin·g a Radio set, ·Sec@nd to none in the cou1try.
It.is hoped that soon a system ,vill b e worked out where.by
the grade pupils of the rural districts will b e ,handled
in the sa1ne m;anner, th11s centralizin,g the educational
forces of the valley.
The cattle ranges adjace!1t to the Duncan valle)' are
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RANCH BUILDINGS IN 'l'HE DUNCAN VALLE):'
·equal to any to be. fou11d in. the south,vest, and thousands·
of fine Herefords are bl'ed thereon anrinally.
Three miles east of Dt1ncar1, in t.he heart of t11e farming
district, is the new townsite of Fr&n.kli11, located on
the E. P. & S. W. railroad and the Bankhead Highway.
At present there is a general store and blacl<smith shop,
,vhich take care of the needs of the farn1ers of that
district. All railway trains stop at Franklin, which is
ideally located f ot the making of a large town as th·e
valle'y gl'.0\.VS.
The growing of d.eciduot1s fruits adjacent to Franklin
offers an opportunity of prolific pron1ise. Wherever
tried, peach.es, pears, apricots, apples j1,11d plu1ns produce
exceptiona,l crQps @f the most delicious fruit. All the
fruit grown i:n the valley fi.11ds a ready rnarket in the
count:v at the highest prevailing prices.
As a l1ealth resort no place in the country e-xeels the
Duncan. valley. It l1as th.e ideal climate. Doctors find
little t.0 do here, other tl1an to lteep tab 011 t}1e frequent
vi.sits of the stork. A movernent is on foot to se"cl1re a
large sana.t0ri11m for Duncan.·
There are 't,vo small hamlets i11 the Dun.can valley on
tl1e Clifton, road. Sheldon and Y orlc. Living in th·ese
.
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TO.WN OF FR,ANl{LIN
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A VALLEY FARM SCEN,E I N DUN.CAN VALLEY
districts are seve1·al prospetous f-arnters and cattle men.
Small stoTes are to bt. found in each place.
In the mourttains tha:t .scurr'ourrd the Duncan valley
are several mining propects1 some of which have been
develo.ped to.the extent that much valuable. ore l1as beeri'
shipp. eel. Anr· ong them are the mines at Asli Peak and
Carlisle. Gold, Silver, Copper and Flourspaii' ate found
in paying qtrantities near Duncan, the principal shi,ppi.ng
point.
The.Duncan Oommercial Club>. is live. institution and
is doing much to promote intlustry in the Duncan valley •
and Greenlee coun- ty. They are preparing plan$ for the. .
e:rection of a large bu,ildi.ng i n the center o'f Duncan for
the disply of Oreenl_ee eou.nty products, and the disseminating
of information c'oncerning' the county and
its resources. Visitors, especially tourists, will al\vays
be· welcome ·and every efort .put forth to make them
feel at horn. A ladies rest room will b.e a feature of the
building. The main object of the Club is to imptess uponthe
tourist that western hospitality i,s more than mere
newspaper talk.
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TUNNEL ON lVlETCALF AUTO ROAD
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LOOP ON SPRINGERVILLE ROAD
In the Duncan valley are fo'Qnd a large nti1mber of
Prehistoric ruins. Along the Gila river to the east,
workmen in building irrigation canals have unearthed
some ver)' valuable specimens of potte1·y1 stone implements,
bead$ and skeletons· of a Tace long extinct. Near
Y otk are the outlines or several buildings. Most 0f
these ruin,s are on a high point overlooking the river.
From the arrow points, ma:de of obsidian, one. may
judge that these prehistories were artistic workmen of
no. mean d, -eg, ree..
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CLIFTON
LIFTON is the County seat of Greenlee c.ounty.
It is reached from the sol:lth by auto road from
Duncan, from the northeast by the Mule Creek
road, ftom the north by the famous Springerville
roaq,, and by rail on the El Paso and s·outhwestern.
Clifto11 is a mining town nestled away in the most
picturesque mountins, imaginable, 32 miles nortl1west
of Duncan. A fe·w years ago, as time is reckoned, the
place wl1ere Clifton now stands was the haunt and
MOUNTAINS ABOVE CL,IFTO.N
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STEEL BRIDGE AT C'.l;,IFTON OVER SAN FRNCISCO RIVE!t
hiding place: of savage hor,des of Apache Indians, and
many exciting arid interesting incidents of those days are
related by tl1e old time tesidents '\1 }10 are still living in
Orenlee eqt,1nty.
The lure of Clifton today is not the possi'ble ohanee
to take a shot at -some bl0odtl1itsty savag,e, bt1t treasures
of gold,, silver and coppr hiddeil .away in hel" hills and
mou1tains, and tQ. the .sightseer the majstie toclcs and
mountains that smile at him on ever)' side. It is the lure
of an infinite variety such as lofty, towering mountains,
vast, deep cavern-like canons with rock walls gorgeolts
in their colorings
The wonderful climate of Glifto11 make'S it a uniq.ue
an.d ideal playground for th.e vacationist. The elevation
is 3,465, feet a.nd the average rainfall for tb: e past ten
years bas been 11.85. i:nehe-s. As a geological and mineralogical
treasuTe house, its eq:ual canno·t be f0und i n
t4e state, and i t i s ,doubtful i f i t can be surpasse.d an)'·wh
re in the Uniwd States.
A few miler;; from Clif t@n one m-a,y plunge into, and
spend l1ours and even days in a v.irgin w,ilderness where
CHASE CREEI{ $CH00L B·UILl)lNG-CLIFTON
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CHILP.REN"S FLA Y@ROUND IN FRONT OF T©WN IfALL, CLIFT0N
at night the lynx a,1d'lioB disturb hi$ slumbers, and in the,
daytime the frightened deel' stand and look surprised at
the invasion of their domain. Winte,r a:nd summer,, nearly
the same the year 'round., one finds a con:tinuous rouhd
9f pleasure and delightful surprises in and arotlnd Clifton,
The spo, rt. sman will have no dificulty i.n equipping
himself with a pack outfit and guide for ·a hunting or
.fishing trip into the mountains. If on a hunt h e . will find
an abundance of deer, turkey and bear. In fact 'the best
hu.μting ground in the state will be. at his disposal. If
bent on fishing, a day's journey will land him where he
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can enj<:>y the rarest. Q.£ sport to a fishe_rman, that of
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filling; his creel with speckled trout.
Clifton is the hub of the distriot for all supplies, as it
is, the terminus of the railroad, ancl because of its ·accessibility
by auto roads. All supplies tor the ro.ad camps
are ff'eighted from. the town by auto trucks.
So th0roughly up-to-clate are the contractors who are
building the new Springerville road that they hav.e a
portable school heuse whic1 is mo:ved with the camp,
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BIRDSEYE VIEW OF CLIFTON FROM SMELTER HILL
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A VIEW OF SLAG DUl\1P A}.TD SOUTH CLIFTON SH'OWING SHANNO'N SIELTER
and a teacher is e1nployed to teach about 35 child'ren
of tl1e Mexican lab-orers.
Clifton is an inc0rporated Qity arid is gove.rnecl by a
Mayor and Co1nm-c:Jn Council. The City Hall is a building
of avchitc-tu.rl beauty, with counr.il chamber:,) ofices,
fire engine room and j,ail, the latter n0w being usecl as
sleeping quarters fQt' the merpbers 9f the fire clepartment.
Cliftorr bas the most modei-n and complete fire
fighting apparatus obtainable, which consists of a,n
American L France Fire truck of 105 horse power, with
connections to the fire plu.gs, of ,vhich. there are 50 located
throughout the city, rotaty pump of 350 gallons per
inute capacity, a 40 gallon chemical apparatus, 1000
feet of large h0se a11d 200 feet of chemical hose. 'fl1ere. is
a paid fire de.partment. The alarm system is electrical,
a;nd of the latest type, such as is f ou1rd in all large ci.ties.
Clifton has on ex,hibition i1t her city hall a very interesting
souvenir of the. olden days ,vhen freight ,vas
brought into, that t,o,:vn by ox teams. The bell of the fii;st
locomotive used in Arizona,, ,vbich ,vas brouglit t.o
Clifton from La Junta, Col.orado by '°x team in 1880,
BJRDSEYE VIE\.V OF $0UTH CLIF'FON
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TOP-HLGH &Cfl,OOL, CLI.FTON
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CENTRE-HILLS .FLh.T GRA,MIAR SC.HOOL, CLI'FTQN
B0TTOJ\1-HIGH SCHOOL AUE>IT0RIT.m1, GLiFTO'N'
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VIEW QF RESIDENCE SECTION. SOUTH CLIFT©N
h:tngs in the hall. The engineer was He11ry Arbuckle,
and tl:ie locomotive wa,s <:r1,vned by the Arizbna Copper
Compan:?, and was used on a narrow gau.ge road betv.
een C.lifton and Metcalf. This ,vas tl1e first railroad
ever built in Arizona.
Clift0n has exeell.fnt pu_ blic pl).:lygrQun<ls for the citys
children, and pul>Lic. camp grounds f@r tourists are bein;g
fitted up.
Clifton ha$ a m·odern ice plant with a d-aily capacity
of 30 tons, arid in connection t.here is t;1, refrigerating
plant capable of carirrg for 25 to1rs of produce <iaily.
The visitor to Clifton ,v.ho leaves his c.amera at home
will have much to regi'et. Th·e winding roads, th·e jagged
ctags, the towering pe,al{s, the dee,p ravines, the vari-hved
rocks1 all offer a rare op_ portttnity to tlie kodak enth.usiast
not even st1rpassed by the famous Grand Canon.
Som of the most substantial as well as the most
beautiful buildings in the. state are, .to be f0und in the
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TO.WN HALL ANI) FIRE STATION, CLIFTON
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CONCRETE BRID.GE-CLI'FTON·METCALF' HIGHWAY
city. Among those worthy of n1ention are. the County
Cou.r'.t House, the City Hall, the R.ailway Station, tl1e
Post Ofice builcling, the P11elps D@dge Gorp0rat;ion
buildings, the Chur,ch edifices, the School buildings a.nd
many· beautiful reside-11ces.
Clifton's school £.acilities are equal to those fou-nd
in any modern city. There are live .gtlde schools and a
well eguippeg Higl1 School i1:1 tl1e city. Almost all religious
denominations are re.preser1ted, and sev.ei:al of them
possess beautiftJl a;nd $UBs'.tantial church edifices. The city
supports a lVIasonic lodge, an Easter11 Sta:r, G@nsistryCommandry
Club, Harold E. Wilson Post Am.erican
Legion, Elks L@dge, Odd Fellows and Rebecca lodg, e,
Knights of Pythias lodge, and an Alian,za HispanoAmericano
lodge. Clifton can b@ast of the livest
Commercial Clul;> in the Southwest, from the sta.Q.dpoint
O't securing improvements for the city and the surrounding
c.ountty. There is ailso an ex.eellent Y. M. C. A.
Clifton is mot:lern i11 every tespec.t, having one of the
best sewel' .systems in the c011ntry. The watt system is
the best that can be had, a. nd the electi:ic light plant is
kept right up to te 1ninute with the latest impl'oved
powm· generating mchine.Ty.
A RESIDENCE SCENE AT CLIFTON
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A - RANCH SCENE NEAR CLIFTON
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C°'1crete l'etaining walls on either side uf the river
adequately protect the residence ancl business sectio·ns
of Clifto11 from flood \vaters that at times swell the. San
Francisco river, whi<:h runs throt1gh the city. Not only
are ·the ban.k!s of the river thus walled, but Chase creek,
which empties into it, is also safeguarded by concrete
walls.
A larg!:l smelter 0wne,cl by the Phelps Dodge Corporation
is located 1n Glifton on the Sa:0. Francisao river,
about two miles fr.om tbe heart of the city. The, smelter,
l\'IETRODIST CHURCH AT CLIFTON
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OATB:QLIC CHURCH AT CLIFTON
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constructed of steel, concrete and tile, is thoroughly
modern and up-to-date, and was blown in i.p 1913.
The capacity of the plant is about 1000 tons of ote
and concentrate daily·, which means that μ.bout five
million pou.nds of copper bullion i's pro:duced from this
smelter mopth.
To those familiar with the process of producing coppi3r
a detailed acc0unt of the equipment will b.e interestit1g.
There ate three 100'x24' Reverberatory furnaces which·
will smelt 400 tons or more of charg.e, each, per day,
PRESBYTERJA CHURCH AT CLIFT0N
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V[EW OF EAGLE RIVER ABOVE THE P.Ql\,f:P, STATION OF THE MORENCI WATER 00.
and these are equipped with seven 713 H.P. Stirling
boilers for utilizing the waste l:ie:at from the f ur11ace gases.
13esicle th.ese, tl1e plant h.as four other boilers "vhich are
direct-fired. There are four stands of 12' diarneter Gteat
Falls type converters, each ,\l'ith a daily capacity of
sixty to11s of copper.
TheTe is a central power plant ,vhich contains thre.e
2000 K. W. General Electric turbines·, three 10,000
,eubic feet Nordberg blo\1ers a11d an Ingersoll-Rand
compress·0r.
The smelt.er qontains well built an.d f11Ily 'equipped
shops, wareho11ses, laboratory, change rooms and ofice
building. All the. machinery is electrically driven. The
plant is not surpass.ed b)' any o'f its kind in the co11ntry1
.and when r11nning to its full capacity em.ploys aboμt t'\-vo
huncl.recl and fifty men.
Cliftop has several large st.orei;, that carry the latest
an: d best stock o.btainble, th;?Jee hotels, cafes ahd restaur
nts, a live newi:;paper, a sendi.ng an,d reeeiving
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PUIP STATIO.N OF 'PHE i\10RENGI WATER CO.
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A VIEW .0F M0REN01
Radio station and two bapks as strong as an;y in t.he
country.
The First Nationa;J Bank of Clifto·n was charrtered in
1901, ·and is the @nly National Bank ip Orenlee county.
In 121 the P(}Oples Bank and TFust Company was con,solidated
with and be.came a part. of the First National
Bank with a capitalization of $100,000.00, arrd a surplus
of $20,000.00. The total assets 0f the banls: l'!,re $962,-
486 .3. 2, which makes it one of tlie b'ttst and strongest
rran,ks in the, co1,1n•try. Th.e officers and diretors are
numbered among the most substantial and successful
business men of Clirton.
The Valley Ba,nk is a branch of the Valley Banl, of:
Pho.enix and a separate report of any individual branch
is impossible., for one un,it is as the. whole and the whole
as o:ne unit. It is a million dollar institution, and the
Clifton branch is one of the most prosperous.
Clifton is the most cosmopolitan city irn,aginable, as
one :find,s a larg numb.er of college graduate.s ssoe,iating
:with th·e -common m:in" er, for tne miner and c@m.mon Iah-
0ret of Clifton is not the rou.gh elem.ent one is a.c.cusJomed
to conrrect with tl:'ie 1nin'ing ·camp. but they rank above
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MORENCI GLUB-P.HELPS DODGE C0R·PORA1'10N
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VlEW QF EAGLE RIVER @ANYO·N BEL0W PU1\1P STATIC!N 0FTHE MORENCI WATER CO.
the average in being well informed and having more than
ordinary ability.
An b.oμr's drive from Clifton o,ne may enj.oy, a summer
at an elevation of 7000 feet, where are found th.e. big
pines, the pifion, the cypress, the cedar, the juniper, the
spruce, the fir, the buck, the live oak and tl1e manzanita.
This i's at w·hat is known as Granville. A few miles f artber
on is Gray's Peak, at an elevation of 7500 feetJ and there
are l(ie·veral cottages at. this point. where the busi1Jess mJ}D
of Clifton and Morenci :spend the \-veek-ends with th.eir
families.
Clifton is the shippi11g point of the cattle indu-str)' of
northern Greenlee county. The range cattle of Greenlee
county are tb:e best in the country, and :some of the
largest cattle outfits in the state are located in this
county; among those, worth,y of mention are the Toles
CoRper, the Double Circle and the Lazy B.
Whe·n the Springerville road, whieb will connect with
the Nationa;l auto roads of the north as well as those of
G,ENE:RAL. OFF!GE, PHELPS DOD@E .ORPORATI<DN, ?vfORENGI
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JNTEltIOR VIEW. GENERAL OFFICE, PI:IEL'PS D0D,GE CORPORATION, '.l\10RENC,I
the south, is finished, tl'1ere will dQnbtless be sa,vmills
established at va.rious p.oints in the mountains amon.g
tne big pines, as this will be an outlet for the lumber by
auto truck to shipping points. Accordi11g to a govrnmen.t
report there is now available of whit@ and yellow pine,
Doug1as and white· fir, .and spruce, a total of 625,147,·815
f e.et, board measure.
MORENCI
HERE is surprise in store for the strang,er on his
first visit to Morenci. After leaving Clifton ther
is a seven rnile drive over one of tJ1e best and most..
fascinating m:euntain -auto .roads ever built. All at once
Ohe finds himself driving up a narrow ca.non into t-he very
l1ea:.t·t of the city, with bea.uti!ul little homes up the sides
PHELPS DODGE CO.RPORAJ.'ION H:©SP-LTAL, MORENCI
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PHELPS DODGE MERCANTILE €0MPANY STORE
of the mountains that urrouncl him like a.n arnpi -
theatre. Massive builtJings meet his gaze on evE'rJr side
of the eafion, and he stands amaiecl. that man bas accomplish.
ed such woncl.ers where nature °"'as lavish in
piling up mountains and openiog deep canons, that
make it almost inaccessi'ble to a human being.
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The city of M0crenci is practically owned by: the Phelps
Dodge eorpor-ation, and this in a mea:su:re !tccounts for
the magnificence 0f J:>Ubl:ic and p,rivate buildings, and the
systemati·c way in which all are cared for. It is doubtful
i.f the.re is a:other mining city in the world that can
eqt1al Morenci for elegance. '
Of course Morenci ha.s theideal Ari@na climate, with an
elevation of 4,8.39 feet, and a normal p·opulation of about
90·00. It has two S:i:>lend,id hotels and the Morenci Club,
o:wned and maintained by the Phelps Dodge Corporation
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H0TE'L l'vlORENGJ. M,QRENCI
MORENCI STATE BANK
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foT the benefit of it$ employees. This building c0ntins
a m0:vie theatre, a cor1fectit>nexy, p.ool n.d billiarcl tables,
a reading roo1n and at1ditorium.
The city of M0renci has several SQcieti.es, among the:m
the Masonic, Odd Fellows, Woodrr1en1 Woodmen Circle,
Kn.ights of Pythias, R.ebeccas, Alianza Hispano-Americano
nd Lloyd C. Hill Post Arrrerican Legion.
The Phelps Dodge Cotporation has abot1t fifteen
miles of su1'fa-ce railroad in the city. They maintain
tl1eir o,v11 saw mill and cut all their o,vn mine timbers- in . . . . . .
this mill. They also ha.ve a Corporation Hospital with
the latest equipment, inolu:ding an X-ray 0.utfit, latest
imptoved .op,erating· tables and su.rgjcal instruments.
One cl1ief surgeon a11d -t,vo assistants with 1;hree trained
nutses are in attendance.
Morenci has t,vo banl,.s, garages, .tores, an ice pl,ant,
a high and g.rammar school and gtade scho0ls1 beside
the corporation builtlin.gs.
INTERIOR v1:gw OF 'FHE VALLEY 13-ANK, 1Vf0RENC.I
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P·RESBYTERIA.N CA'AP,EL, MORENCI
Morenci has one @f the fiI).est school buildings and
e.quipment in the state. One building, houses both the,
high and grammar schools, the building being divided
at the main entrance sb that oli en·tering tlie pupils can
go to their respective sides without confusion. The
building has !lO stairs1 but rubber covered inclines are
u'seci from one. story to a.n.othe.r.· The elass :r:0oms are
unique1 being well lighted, and liaving oncealetl cloak
rooms at the rear, which are oli)ened and closed by ·sliding
panel .doors hung Qn weights.
The aud: itorium is. conceded by all who ha, ve seen
it to. be the most complete itr the southwest. It has
a seating capacity of Gver 500 and the .sti:i,ge:, which is
80x40 fe.e.t, is so arranged that it is used as ·a gymnasium
by means of a wire cu, rtai·n, so that basket ball can be
played. Each of th.e recitation rooms accommodates
20 to 25 pupils, and all the ro0ms are well lighted and
p.erfe ctly ventilated, l1aving a suction fan that draws
all the foul air from every floor. The spiral. fire escape
is another feature of ·the buildi.t1;g.
The chemical Iab@rator:y and the g,eneral science labora-
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O·N THE SPRINGBRVILLE ROAD ABOVE 'METCALF
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tory are both equipp_ed. with the largest assortment of
app·aratus of any school in the state .. The home economics
and d.omeS:tic science depa.rtments are };).oth complete
with m·odern .applian:ces. Tl1e manual tl'aining includes
a w0ocl,vorking a,nd a mechanical department.
In normal times the school employs. fifty tea:chers and
there are about fif tee11 hμn.drec! students. Th. e high and
gramn1ar school property is valued at $180,000.00,
,vhile the t,vo grade sch.ools a,re valued at $167,000.00,
thus making the total value of MoTenci's school property
$347,000.00.
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A BEA U'PTFUL VIEW 0F TH'E SPRINGERVIl,LE ROAD
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MORENCI, SROWIN'G SCHOOL BUJLOfNOS IN FOREGROUND
The More'nci State Bank began business in 1912 with
a capitalization of $30,000 .0. 0. The maximum reources
have l'eached $450,000.00 in the ten years of the banks
existe11ce, and ·a $30,00Q.OO. surplt1s has bee.n built up,
so that today it has a working capital of $60,000.00.
The Morenci branch o:f the Vallc:;y Banls: of Phoe.nix
was the second of the ten branches of that institution to
b.e started. It was ppened in 1!102, and e1ch unit i& considered
a part of the "vhole, so that a repott 1nade for
one 11nit is made for the whole. In fa'.ct no separate
rep.otts are marde of the btar1ches. 'l'he capital a11d .surplus
of the e.ntire system is $'1,000,000.00, and the total
resources $9,000,000.00.
The Phelps: Dodge Corporati<Yn concen:trat0r No. 6 is
located at Morenci, and is one of the rnost complete
O N TliE MET8ALF ROAD ABOVE CLIFTON
A l\•IOUNTAIN VIEW AL©NG TH'E SPRINGE'.R.VILLB ROAD
plamts of the ltind in the country. Tl1e ,ore is hoited
through the shaft to the head of the con.centrator in
5-ton s1{ips ancl clurnped ip·to a 10.00-ton steel bin from
,,,hich it is fed 'to the crushing plant. After the oTe is
,cruhed it is ca1•ried OR a travelin:g belt to the stora.ge
bins, and is fed from theae bins by means of autoniatic
fee:ders. The <;>Te is screened 00 ele.ctrically vibrated
tab'les, and all the ore passing through the screens goes
.directly to the Wilfley tabl.es for the first c.9ncent1,ati11g
operation. All the screen oversize is then passed throu·gh
eight pairs of 43" rolls, ,vhich red,uce it to a size that
will pass through the scree11s to which it is returne.d.
rrhere are 28 Wilfley tables used to perform the first
concenttatirtg 0peratio111 recovering about 200 t@ns of
concentrate daily. The .residue is the11 ground to a size
that will pass through a screen having 48 openings to
the linear i11ch, and this: size is treated by the flotation
proeess for the recovery of the remaining mineral.
The flotation cells used are of the Callo,, pneumatic
type. These cell's are long shallow trQughs ,vith anvas
METCAJ,F ROAD SHOWING ltJLltOAD IN QAN.Y:ON
bottoms; under ,are air chambe1·s connecting with air
compressing machines.
Ball mills are used in grincling the Oi'e to }l)repare it
for the flotation process. These ,cou.sist of iron cylinders
8' in diameter and 12' long over all, and are charge: d
with from 10 to 15 tons of circular cast iron balls two
and 0ne-half inches in di'ametet. The cylind'exs rotating
cascades· of the h>a11 charge causes it to .grind the ore
charge as it passes through the mi.IL Special flotaition
reagen-ts are adaeq in th mills during the grin.ding p;:o.cess.
These reagents have, a selective. action f0r copper
mine,ral grains, and with the compressed air blown
through the canv-as bo.ttoms form .a froth of bubble·s
which conveys tl1e mine1·al over the sides of the flotatiQn
inacl1ines. This froth is collected in' large .dewatering
ta.nks. About 350 gallons of fresh water is used in c;oncentrating
a ton of ore.
All the tailing 1nate1:ial is colleced in a flum.e w·hioh
delivers it to the tailing. dam-s, three and one-n.alf miles
away where it is stored, but before the tailing
material leaves tl1e concentratQi" abot1t 65 per ecnt 0f
its. water content ·is removed to dewaterir1g tianks an!i
pump.ed to the head of the cone-entrat0r to be re-used.
The principal mining it1 and around Mor.0.ci is for
copper ore·. Aotive mining operations b·egan in this
. district fifty years ago, in th year 1$72. Moren.ci is
the oldest porphyry camp in the state.
The principal p,ropertis of the qistrict, including the
Stevens Copper Mining Company, the Shanrio11 Copper
C01npany1 the Arizona C,op· per C.onrpany, at1d the
Detroit Copper Mining Company have been merged arrd
\-Vere acquired by the Phelps Dodge Corporatio.0. in 1 21.
The l101dings of the Corpora,tidn consist of 10,000 acres of
·mineral ground which is 10 miles long and 7 miles wide.
One l1unclred a11d ten miles of undergr0u1:id workings.
are open,. of ,vhich twent. y 1ni.les ,are equippe.d with
e. lectric haulage. The. district has produced as high as
80,.ooo,ooo pounds of c0pper peT year. The pripcipal
systems of mining employed are caving, top-slicing and
shrinkage. In normal tiines there are employed in the
district approximately 2500 rr1en.
Moren,ci has a ver-y uniq.ue. water system. The dome(3tic
supply is derived from wells an.d the industrial supply is
taken from the Eagle river tl1rough a series of tunnels,
flumes, ditches and basins. The pumping pla11t is 1'o'Cated
about six miles south,.vest of Morenci i11 the Eagle River
cano11. The pumping equipment has a capacity of 31 000
_gallons per 1ninute undecr a h.ead of 750 po.unds per square
intih. Each of the three pumps is directly connected into
a, ten inch main. The three ten inoh transmission mains
are each approkimately frve miles in length and discharge
into two 500,000 gallon storage tanks loca. ted Qn i hill
above lVlorenci. The \V:ater is distribute.cl by g.l'avity from
tbe.se through over 100,000 feet of maias varying ip size
from 14 l:nch to ¾ ineh. This system furnishes the entire
domestic and industrial \vater suppl)' of Morenci and
lVIete:alf.
Nature i n ges past must have pla)red many pranks
in the formation of the m0untains in and arourtd, Moierici.
LyiQ-g along si.de of wl1at is p1'.obably the largest body of
copper ore in tl1e state of Arizona is a. large body of silver
ore which contains no trace of copper.
The reason for the presence of co,pper in one ore and
the Jtbsence of it in another, in the same district, is one of
the secrets of nature which man cannot exp'lain. Tlte.
Stargo Mines, Io.corpol'.ated, have taken a.dvantage of
this natural oc}cu·renee of silver i11 a co,pper distti:ct and
ar.e, ere.cting a mill to extract the silver values by using a
\vatery solution of eyn:nide tG dissolve the :silver. As the
silver i$ dissolv<ild in tl1e solution it i recovered by precipitating
it ·witl1 a zinc dust. The mill when completed
will 4ave a daily capacit,y of 75 tons of ore. The Stargo
holdings embrace rnor'e than 400 acres of mineral land
upop which are sevei:al veins of silv.er ore.
It is the pla.n of the @wners of the Sta;rgo to increase
the a-apacity of their plant by adding units to the mill
as th.e occasion demands. The .n1ining a;n:d milling of
this ore will rgquire a larg-e nun1oer of men and afortl
a good mare.t for all kindf, of SQcpplies, especially provisions
and farm prodt1ce.
METCALF
ETCALF is located nine miles above. Clifton on
the Springerville road. It is a part of the h@1di11gs
of tl1e Pl1elps :Oodge Corgora,tion and within the
bounds of this town ai'e s0me oi the richest m:i.ne:s of the
C.@rporatipn. Like ·Clifton and Morenci,, this camp is
surrounded by a wonderful scenic beauty.
Mety·alf has a high school and graoe schools, a first
class department store and bank. A natrow gauge rail.
rpa.d from Clifton runs into the camp. rhis lin is the
oldest railroad in Arizona.
A co:vpo.rati·on hospital is maintaind at this place with
a st:xf of comp·eterit physicians a;nd nurs.es.
If any of our readers desire further inf brrnati:on concerning
the. resourqes of Greenlee county, the looation
of mining prospects, vacation possibilities, hunting,
fishing, ol' in fact anything abqut the, county, th.ey will
re·ceive, detttiled information by addressing either of the
Commercial Clt1l;>s of the county, t Duncan or Clifto,n.