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    Commerce in Phoenix, 1870-1942 : a context for preserving historic properties

    TXT

    [...]1870-1942




    A Component of the Arizona Historic Preservation Plan
    Prepared for:
    Arizona State Historic Preservation Office
    Arizona State Parks Board
    800 West[...]15
    Phoenix, Arizona 85007[...]Phoenix, Arizona[...]
    [...]Phoenix, 1870 to 1942
    A Context for Preserving Historic Properties




    Prepared For.

    The State Historic Preservation Office
    Arizona State Parks Board
    800 West Washington[...]Phoenix, AZ.




    This historic context study has been funded with the
    assistance[...]l Park Service, under provisions of the
    National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and
    as administered in Arizona by the Arizona State Parks Board
    through the State Historic Preservation Officer.




    1
    [...]15
    Historic Locational Pattern Maps (follow page 16)[...]1906
    1919
    1930

    Historic Commercial Property Types
    Category: Centra[...]tegrity 30

    Preservation Goals
    The Need for Preservation 31[...]
    [...]f the Valley.

    The completion of the 44-mile long Arizona Canal in 1885 marked the culmination of
    th[...]
    [...]of this period is marked by the completion of the Arizona Canal in 1885.
    Capitalized primarily by ou[...]
    [...]when Phoenix was made
    the territorial capital of Arizona. The act of the Fifteenth Territorial Legislature[...]Railroad's
    transcontinental line through northern Arizona was completed in 1895. It extended
    from Ph[...]
    [...]ne exchanges were under the ownership of Mountain State Telephone and
    Telegraph Company. In 1914 P[...]
    [...]I YEARS (1919-1930)
    The First World War affected Arizona in two ways. As a result of the war effort, Arizona
    emerged as the nation's leading copper producer.[...]ng the
    war years also provided Phoenix as well as Arizona with a major economic boom.
    Between 1915 a[...]
    [...]n the late 19th century at five, most
    notably the Arizona Bank, First National Bank and Valley Bank.[...]
    [...]lion
    four years earlier.

    From 1933 through 1941, Arizona's strong congressional delegation, led by[...]
    [...]trip commercial groceries, single use retail, and
    office buildings.

    Part of the automobile-related[...]
    HISTORIC COMMERCIAL PROPERTY TYPES
    Identification of historic commercial buildings and an evaluation of their s[...]those buildings. Those
    characteristics relate to historic period, design, style, methods of construction, a[...]erce in Phoenix a~ illustrated through the
    city's historic commercial architecture can conveniently be categorized based on
    common characteristics. Organization of historic buildings by their common
    characteristics results in the identification of specific historic property types. A
    property type is a group[...]
    [...]presented similar exterior appearances as
    retail/office commercial architecture. Functions on the[...]
    [...]s well as initially embracing regional and intra
    -state markets. Professionals in business locally[...]
    [...]1920s, peaked
    in 1929, and collapsed by 1931. All historic commercial high rise buildings in the city[...]
    [...]nia as the model for its development.

    All of the historic commercial high rise buildings still exist. Typic[...]al history, combined with an association with the historic
    development of all neighborhoods, citywide[...]
    [...]and Feed Warehouse (411 S. Second Street)
    1908 Arizona Orange Association (Packing House 520 W. J[...]
    [...]od still exist. Typical examples include:

    1922 Arizona Compress and Warehouse Company (251 S. 13t[...]
    [...]rs Market Warehouse (430 S. Second Avenue)
    1937 Arizona Citrus Growers (616 E. Jackson)
    1938 Western Se[...]e
    development of the isolated strip commercial or office building property type.

    As the success of[...]
    PROPERTY TYPE: POST-WORLD WAR I STRIP COMMERCIAL AND OFFICE
    BUILDINGS '1919-1942)
    As the earliest examples of[...]this somewhat rare property type include:

    1917 Arizona Cornice Works (1217 W. Jefferson)
    1924 Cargill[...]Pharmacy Building (1000 E. Pierce)
    1930 Central Arizona Light & Power Co. Sub-Station (749 S. 17th[...]
    [...]fares that also
    served as part of the national or state highway system through the Valley: Van Buren,
    17t[...]. Roper Building (402 N. Central)
    1920 Overland Arizona Company (12 N. Fourth Avenue)
    1921 Metro[...]
    [...]important in discussing the current condition of historic commercial
    property types.[...]rior. Changes in
    physical appearance can affect a historic building's historic integrity, or its ability to
    convey visually its historic authenticity.

    Generally facade modifications alt[...]ons will detract sufficiently from the building's historic integrity to
    cause the building not to be eligibl[...]building is considered
    significant and worthy of preservation. However, such modifications are likely to have
    occurred in the majority of historic buildings, especially those built in the · first[...]changes through time have adversely affected its historic integrity.

    The second factor relative to the current condition of historic commercial property
    types is contemporary use patterns. Larger buildings, such as historic high rise office
    buildings, are likely to continue to same use, wh[...]n use is not a detrimental factor to a building's preservation, some
    trends or patterns in contemporary use can[...]tive contemporary use pattern is connected to the historic versus
    curr~nt land use pattern. Central city historic buildings are the most likely to be
    affect[...]
    historic buildings. As the center city continues to experi[...]ry backbone of which is a change in land use) the preservation of historic
    commercial buildings will continue to be affected[...]planning that
    integrates new development with the historic fabric of the community will do much to
    preserve[...]often have a dramatic effect on the
    condition of historic commercial architecture. Most vulnerable are the[...]the strip marketing center property types. Their historic locational
    patterns along major streets and at pr[...]on of those property types
    and planning for their preservation as the city's infrastructure continues to change[...]--~-
    PRESERVATION GOALS

    The Need for Preservation
    The preservation of historic commercial properties in Phoenix has been a conce[...]or League of
    Phoenix, Inc. sponsored .a survey of historic commercial properties in central Phoenix.
    The goa[...]omination and listing on the National Register of Historic
    Places of over 50 historic commercial buildings in Phoenix.

    The project spo[...]to Harrison, and 19th Avenue to 16th
    Street. Many historic commercial buildings were, therefore, not identified or evaluated.

    Second, the historic context of commerce in Phoenix was developed with[...]buildings within the survey area. A
    definition of historic property types and ·their characteristics helps to identify the kinds
    of historic commercial properties expected to be found anywhere in the city's historic
    development area. An understanding of the different property types that illustrate the
    historic context helps planners identify which historic buildings are most useful in
    representing important historic trends.

    Third, the survey report was not intended to address comprehensive or long term
    preservation policies or goals for historic commercial properties in Phoenix.

    The City of Phoenix Planning Department has, since 1985, been involved in historic
    preservation as a result of the adoption of the "Phoenix Historic Property Zoning
    Ordinance:. The ordinance established a historic preservation overlay zoning procedure,[...]
    a design review process, and the Phoenix Historic Property Register. The growth of the
    programs and policies of the planning department in the area of historic preservation
    has been apparent over the last four years. The city government's role in the protection
    and preservation of historic buildings in the future is expected to be even mo[...]d in favor of a $15 million
    bond issue creating a historic preservation fund. The fund is intended to be self-
    sustaining[...]ix should be
    viewed as a major participant in the preservation of its historic commercial buildings.

    The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), is the agency responsible for
    administering state and federal historic preservation programs, policies and
    regulations. The SHPO is also actively interested in the preservation of commercial
    architecture in the City of Phoenix[...]SHPO as a part of
    the development of a statewide preservation plan. This is one of the first in a series of
    rep[...]O will produce which will examine the contexts of historic and
    prehistoric resources in Arizona. The SHPO has assigned a high priority to developing a
    preservation plan for commercial properties in Phoenix because[...]redevelopment efforts by the City of Phoenix, the
    state, and private enterprise have reached all-time hig[...]uildings. Expansion of the
    Government Mall by the state, development of a downtown sports arena, and large scale
    high rise office, commercial and ·retail canters are a few exampl[...]with these worthwhile projects, the need for the preservation of its
    past also becomes more critical.

    The goal[...]policies that the SHPO can implement to encourage preservation of
    historic commercial properties by the public and private s[...]tivity, toward achieving a goal." Obviously, once preservation
    goals are established, many objectives can be def[...]possible protection
    of properties relating to the historic commercial development of Phoenix.

    The ob[...]
    GOAL: All Significant Historic Commercial Properties In Phoenix that
    Are Worthy of Preservation Should be Identified and Recognized.

    Objectives;[...]ation, evaluation, and
    registration of the city's historic commercial properties. This should be accomplishe[...]the City of Phoenix Planning Department's
    ongoing historic property survey program. Such support should come principally
    through the Historic Preservation Planning Grant-in-Aid program administered by the[...]the Identification, evaluation,
    registration, and preservation of the city's historic commercial properties. It should be
    noted that wi[...]ent would greatly broaden the base of support for historic
    preservation in Phoenix.

    The SHPO should encourage such groups' interest in preservation activities by assisting
    their sponsorship of survey and planning projects through the Historic Preservation
    Grant-in-Aid Program. Such groups may include the Junior League of Phoenix, Inc., the
    Arizona Museum, the City of Phoenix and Valley of the Sun[...]ys
    should be placed on specific geographic areas, historic themes, or particular property
    types of interest[...]cant commercial properties on the City of Phoenix Historic Property
    Register.
    -
    5.[...]ation, evaluation, and registration of the city's
    historic commercial properties should be accomplished with[...]y, and
    adjustments made for unforeseen threats to historic properties, emerging new property
    types, a[...]
    GPAL: The Values of Preservation of the City's Historic Commercial
    Properties Should be Broadened Through[...]greater understanding of the value of the city's
    historic commercial properties to the tourism and conventi[...]ic Impact that conservation and rehabilitation of historic commercial
    properties can have on the tourism and[...]to include Information about Phoenix history
    and historic commercial architecture in their literature, and[...]g the potential development and rehabilitation of historic commercial
    buildings.

    2. The SHPO should s[...]ongoing seminars and workshops that
    encourage the preservation treatment of historic commercial properties that have been
    identified,[...]ave an influence or effect on the conservation of historic
    commercial properties. Such participants should i[...]ould stress rehabilitation and
    adaptive re-use of historic commercial properties. Emphasis should be placed[...]ity, development strategies, and the economics of historic preservation.
    Speakers and workshop coordinators should be mem[...]nted at
    the seminars and should be experienced in historic preservation related to their
    discipline.

    3. The SHPO sh[...]a presentations aimed at broadening the values of
    preservation of historic commercial properties to the community at large.[...]television) to produce video
    programs concerning historic preservation and the City's commercial architecture. The
    SHPO[...]al architectural legacy and the importance of its preservation. Different
    levels of Interpretive and educational[...]l canters, and hotels.
    The exhibits should stress historic trends and patterns of development, people
    Influe[...]on of a
    demonstration rehabilitation project of a historic commercial building.[...]
    [...]uld Initiate and sponsor or co-sponsor, an annual
    preservation/restoration awards program specifically for comme[...]private sector groups In supporting the values of historic
    preservation of commercial properties Is a high priority. The[...]ncies who influence or affect the conservation of historic commercial
    properties. · Such public sector agen[...]ment, and Traffic Engineering
    Department, and the State. of Arizona Departments of Administration and Transportation.[...]sistance, a comprehensive
    typological analysis of historic commercial properties that have been Identified,[...]ies. The
    typological analysis should evaluate all historic commercial buildings by property type
    relative to[...]construction, size, location, condition, level of
    historic Integrity, and current use. The analysis should t[...]ning tool for
    prospective developers and city and state planners. For example, If such an analysis
    were a[...]exposure to proposed planning projects affecting historic commercial
    buildings. Typological analysis of historic buildings is best accomplished once
    compre[...]
    [...]References
    The Arjzona Republican, Phoenix, Arizona, 1890-1942, various issues.

    Barney, James M., Ba[...]na, City of Phoenix Planning Department, Phoenix, Arizona,
    1975.

    Davis, Kenneth Sydney. EPR, The[...], Junior League of
    Phoenix, Inc., 1984.

    Historic Resources Survey of the Capitol, Government Mall,[...]City of Phoenix Planning Department, Phoenix, Arizona,
    1987.

    Horton, Arthur G., An Economic, Po[...]ney of
    the Sun, Southside Progress, Tempe, Arizona, 1941.
    Luckingham, Bradford,The Urban Southwest,[...]Paso, 1982.
    Phoenix City Directories, Phoenix, Arizona, 1892-1942.

    Reps, John w., Cities of the[...]

    MD

    Arizona State Historic Preservation Office
    Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, Arizona State Parks Board
    Arizona State Parks Board
    State Historic Preservation Office
    Arizona
    Arizona State Parks Board
    State of Arizona Research Library- Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records
    Arizona State Government Publications
    State Document